Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada.
Gait Posture. 2012 Apr;35(4):658-61. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2011.12.020. Epub 2012 Jan 25.
This study investigated modifications to standing posture in response to elevated postural anxiety evoked by a potential physical threat to stability. Sixteen young adults, 16 older adults and 16 patients diagnosed with Parkinson's disease (PD) stood with or without the expectation of a threat to their posture (i.e., external trunk perturbation). This method allowed for the assessment of the effects of anticipatory anxiety on standing posture associated with an ecologically valid and direct threat to stability. Our manipulation was successful as all participants, independent of age and disease, reported significant increases in postural anxiety when anticipating a threat to their posture. The trunk sway modifications observed in response to elevated postural anxiety were dependent on age and disease. Young adults showed increased trunk sway in both pitch and roll directions while older adults demonstrated decreased trunk sway but only in the roll direction when standing and expecting a threat to posture compared to standing without this threat. Individuals with PD showed no significant changes in trunk pitch or roll sway when anticipating a threat to posture compared to standing without this threat. Our findings suggest that the effects of postural anxiety on postural control are dependent on the context associated with the postural threat, and age and disease status.
本研究调查了在潜在的对稳定性的身体威胁引起的姿势焦虑升高的情况下，对站立姿势的调整。16 名年轻成年人、16 名老年成年人和 16 名被诊断患有帕金森病 (PD) 的患者在有或没有对其姿势（即外部躯干扰动）产生威胁的预期的情况下站立。这种方法允许评估与对稳定性的生态有效和直接威胁相关的预期焦虑对站立姿势的影响。我们的操作是成功的，因为所有参与者，无论年龄和疾病如何，在预期姿势受到威胁时，报告的姿势焦虑明显增加。为了应对升高的姿势焦虑而观察到的躯干摆动的改变取决于年龄和疾病。年轻成年人在俯仰和滚动两个方向上的躯干摆动增加，而老年成年人在站立并预期姿势受到威胁时，与没有这种威胁时相比，仅在滚动方向上的躯干摆动减少。与没有这种威胁时相比，当预期姿势受到威胁时，PD 患者的躯干俯仰或滚动摆动没有明显变化。我们的发现表明，姿势焦虑对姿势控制的影响取决于与姿势威胁相关的背景，以及年龄和疾病状况。
