Gendrikson O D, Safenkova I V, Zherdev A V, Dzantiev B B, Popov V O
Biofizika. 2011 Nov-Dec;56(6):965-94.
The actual methods of detection and identification of manufactured nanoparticles in both simple and complex multi-component matrix for assessing biological effects and safety of nanotechnology products have been reviewed. The detection of priority species of biologically active nanoparticles, which include fullerenes, single- and multi-walled carbon nanotubes, nanoparticles of silver, gold, titanium oxide, aluminum, cerium, zinc and silicon, has been given a special attention. The requirements for sample preparation have been discussed. The results of the successful application for the detection of manufactured nanoparticles in bioassays with methods of scanning and transmission electron microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, atomic force microscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy, size exclusion chromatography, field-flow fractionation, electrophoretic, light scattering, spectrophotometry, fluorescent spectroscopy, X-ray and other spectrometry, mass spectrometry, "particle counters", immunochemistry have been reviewed. The possibilities and limitations of different techniques, and their complementarity have been analyzed.
本文综述了在简单和复杂多组分基质中检测和识别人造纳米颗粒的实际方法，以评估纳米技术产品的生物效应和安全性。对生物活性纳米颗粒的优先检测物种给予了特别关注，这些物种包括富勒烯、单壁和多壁碳纳米管、银、金、氧化钛、铝、铈、锌和硅的纳米颗粒。讨论了样品制备的要求。综述了扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、共聚焦激光扫描显微镜、原子力显微镜、扫描隧道显微镜、尺寸排阻色谱、场流分级、电泳、光散射、分光光度法、荧光光谱法、X射线和其他光谱法、质谱法、“颗粒计数器”、免疫化学等方法在生物测定中检测人造纳米颗粒的成功应用结果。分析了不同技术的可能性和局限性及其互补性。
