Negrón María E, Pogranichniy Roman M, Van Alstine William, Hilton W Mark, Lévy Michel, Raizman Eran A
Department of Comparative Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
Am J Vet Res. 2012 Feb;73(2):257-62. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.73.2.257.
To assess the transmission of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) from experimentally infected white-tailed deer fawns to colostrum-deprived calves by use of a BVDV strain isolated from hunter-harvested white-tailed deer.
5 white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) fawns and 6 colostrum-deprived calves.
Fawns were inoculated intranasally with a noncytopathic BVDV-1a isolate (2 mL containing 10(6.7) TCID(50)/mL), and 2 days after inoculation, animals were commingled until the end of the study. Blood and serum samples were obtained on days -6, 0, 7, 14, and 21 after inoculation for reverse transcriptase PCR assay, virus neutralization, and BVDV-specific antibody ELISA. Nasal, oral, and rectal swab specimens were collected on days 0, 3, 7, 14, 17, and 21 for reverse transcriptase PCR testing. By 21 days after inoculation, all animals were euthanized and necropsied and tissues were collected for histologic evaluation, immunohistochemical analysis, and virus isolation.
All fawns became infected and shed the virus for up to 18 days as determined on the basis of reverse transcriptase PCR testing and virus isolation results. Evidence of BVDV infection as a result of cohabitation with acutely infected fawns was detected in 4 of the 6 calves by means of reverse transcriptase PCR testing and virus isolation.
On the basis of these findings, BVDV transmission from acutely infected fawns to colostrum-deprived calves appeared possible.
通过使用从猎人捕获的白尾鹿中分离出的牛病毒性腹泻病毒（BVDV）毒株，评估实验感染的白尾鹿幼崽向初乳缺乏的犊牛传播BVDV的情况。
5只白尾鹿（弗吉尼亚鹿）幼崽和6头初乳缺乏的犊牛。
给幼崽经鼻接种一株非致细胞病变的BVDV-1a分离株（2毫升，含10(6.7)半数组织培养感染剂量（TCID）(50)/毫升），接种后2天，将动物混养直至研究结束。在接种后第-6、0、7、14和21天采集血液和血清样本，用于逆转录酶聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）检测、病毒中和试验以及BVDV特异性抗体酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）。在第0、3、7、14、17和21天采集鼻、口和直肠拭子样本，用于RT-PCR检测。接种后21天，对所有动物实施安乐死并进行尸检，采集组织进行组织学评估、免疫组织化学分析和病毒分离。
根据RT-PCR检测和病毒分离结果确定，所有幼崽均被感染且病毒排出长达18天。通过RT-PCR检测和病毒分离，在6头犊牛中有4头检测到因与急性感染的幼崽同居而感染BVDV的证据。
基于这些发现，急性感染的幼崽向初乳缺乏的犊牛传播BVDV似乎是可能的。
