Van Campen H, Williams E S, Edwards J, Cook W, Stout G
Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Wyoming, Laramie 82070, USA.
J Wildl Dis. 1997 Jul;33(3):567-73. doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-33.3.567.
In order to determine the susceptibility of deer to infection with bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), four mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) fawns and one white-tailed deer (O. virginianus) fawn were inoculated intranasally with the New York-1 strain of BVDV originally isolated from cattle. None of the animals developed clinical signs of illness. Virus was isolated from white blood cells from four fawns on one or more occasions from day 2 through day 15 post-inoculation (PI) indicating that infection and systemic spread of BVDV had occurred. In addition, virus was isolated from nasal swabs from three fawns, one to three times, from day 2 through day 8 PI. Four fawns had virus neutralizing antibody titers to two strains of BVDV prior to inoculation and all developed greater than four-fold increases in virus neutralizing antibody titers by 3 wk PI. No gross lesions of bovine viral diarrhea were detected at necropsy approximately 3 mo PI. A variety of nonspecific lesions were detected by histopathology. Based on these findings, mule and white-tailed deer are susceptible to infection with BVDV. Isolation of virus from nasal swabs is evidence that BVDV could be transmitted by deer via direct contact.
为了确定鹿对牛病毒性腹泻病毒（BVDV）感染的易感性，将最初从牛分离出的BVDV纽约-1株经鼻接种4只骡鹿（白尾鹿属）幼鹿和1只白尾鹿（弗吉尼亚白尾鹿）幼鹿。没有一只动物出现疾病的临床症状。从接种后（PI）第2天到第15天的一个或多个时间点，从4只幼鹿的白细胞中分离出病毒，表明发生了BVDV感染和全身扩散。此外，从接种后第2天到第8天，从3只幼鹿的鼻拭子中一至三次分离出病毒。4只幼鹿在接种前对两种BVDV毒株具有病毒中和抗体效价，到接种后3周时，所有幼鹿的病毒中和抗体效价均出现了四倍以上的增长。在接种后约3个月尸检时，未检测到牛病毒性腹泻的肉眼病变。通过组织病理学检测到各种非特异性病变。基于这些发现，骡鹿和白尾鹿对BVDV感染易感。从鼻拭子中分离出病毒证明BVDV可通过鹿直接接触传播。
