Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicineand Texas Children’s Hospital, 1709 Dryden Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Semin Perinatol. 2012 Feb;36(1):48-55. doi: 10.1053/j.semperi.2011.09.010.
Hemorrhage remains as one of the top 3 obstetrics related causes of maternal mortality, with most deaths occurring within 24-48 hours of delivery. Although hemorrhage related maternal mortality has declined globally, it continues to be a vexing problem. More specifically, the developing world continue to shoulder a disproportionate share of hemorrhage related deaths (99%) compared with industrialized nations (1%). Given the often preventable nature of death from hemorrhage, the cornerstone of effective mortality reduction involves risk factor identification, quick diagnosis, and timely management. In this monograph we will review the epidemiology, etiology, and preventative measures related to maternal mortality from hemorrhage.
出血仍然是导致产妇死亡的前三大产科相关原因之一，大多数死亡发生在分娩后 24-48 小时内。尽管全球范围内与出血相关的产妇死亡率有所下降，但它仍然是一个令人困扰的问题。更具体地说，发展中国家与工业化国家相比（1%），继续承担着不成比例的与出血相关的死亡份额（99%）。鉴于出血导致的死亡往往是可以预防的，因此，有效降低死亡率的基石包括识别风险因素、快速诊断和及时管理。在本专论中，我们将回顾与出血导致的产妇死亡相关的流行病学、病因学和预防措施。
