Department of Chemistry and Centre for Self-Assembled Chemical Structures, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 2K6.
Langmuir. 2012 Feb 7;28(5):2909-13. doi: 10.1021/la2038894. Epub 2012 Jan 27.
The facile phase-transfer of large, water-soluble metal nanoparticles to nonpolar solvent is reported here. Thiol-terminated polystyrene (PS-SH) is ligand-exchanged onto water-soluble metal nanoparticles in single-phase acetone/water mixtures, generating a precipitate. The solvent is then removed and the particles are redissolved in nonpolar solvent. This approach is demonstrated for nanoparticles of different metal (Au and Ag), size (3 to >100 nm), shape (spheres, rods, and wires, etc.), and leaving ligand (citrate, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, poly(vinylpyrrolidone), and 4-dimethylaminopyridine. The resulting PS-SH-stabilized nanoparticles maintain their initial size and shape, and are highly stable. They are soluble in various organic solvents (toluene, benzene, chloroform, dichloromethane, and tetrahydrofuran), and can be readily dried, purified, and re-dissolved. This method makes possible the utilization of a full range of existing nanoparticle cores in nonpolar solvents with a single ligand. It provides access to numerous nanomaterials that cannot be obtained through direct synthesis in nonpolar solvent, and is expected to be of significant value in a number of applications.
这里报道了一种将大尺寸水溶性金属纳米粒子简便地转移到非极性溶剂中的方法。巯基封端的聚苯乙烯（PS-SH）在单相丙酮/水混合物中与水溶性金属纳米粒子进行配体交换，生成沉淀。然后除去溶剂，将颗粒重新溶解在非极性溶剂中。该方法适用于不同金属（金和银）、尺寸（3 至> 100nm）、形状（球形、棒形和线形等）和离去配体（柠檬酸盐、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和 4-二甲氨基吡啶的纳米粒子。所得的 PS-SH 稳定的纳米粒子保持其初始尺寸和形状，且高度稳定。它们可溶于各种有机溶剂（甲苯、苯、氯仿、二氯甲烷和四氢呋喃），并且可以容易地干燥、纯化和再溶解。该方法使得可以在单一配体的情况下将全系列现有纳米粒子核用于非极性溶剂中。它为许多无法通过非极性溶剂中直接合成获得的纳米材料的制备提供了可能，预计在许多应用中具有重要价值。
