Institut für Biology/Zoologie, Molekulare Ökologie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 06099 Halle, Germany.
J Invertebr Pathol. 2012 Mar;109(3):297-302. doi: 10.1016/j.jip.2012.01.004. Epub 2012 Jan 20.
Honey bee colonies (Apis mellifera) have been selected for low level of Nosema in Denmark over decades and Nosema is now rarely found in bee colonies from these breeding lines. We compared the immune response of a selected and an unselected honey bee lineage, taking advantage of the haploid males to study its potential impact on the tolerance toward Nosema ceranae, a novel introduced microsporidian pathogen. After artificial infections of the N. ceranae spores, the lineage selected for Nosema tolerance showed a higher N. ceranae spore load, a lower mortality and an up-regulated immune response. The differences in the response of the innate immune system between the selected and unselected lineage were strongest at day six post infection. In particular genes of the Toll pathway were up-regulated in the selected strain, probably is the main immune pathway involved in N. ceranae infection response. After decades of selective breeding for Nosema tolerance in the Danish strain, it appears these bees are tolerant to N. ceranae infections.
经过几十年的选择，丹麦的蜜蜂种群（Apis mellifera）对低水平的Nosema 进行了选择，现在这些繁殖系的蜜蜂种群中很少发现 Nosema。我们利用单倍体雄蜂比较了一个经过选择和未经选择的蜜蜂品系的免疫反应，以研究其对新型引入的微孢子虫病原体——蜜蜂微孢子虫（Nosema ceranae）的耐受性的潜在影响。在人工感染蜜蜂微孢子虫孢子后，对 Nosema 耐受性进行选择的品系表现出更高的蜜蜂微孢子虫孢子负荷、更低的死亡率和更高的免疫反应。在感染后第 6 天，选择和未选择的品系之间先天免疫系统反应的差异最强。特别是 Toll 途径的基因在选择株中上调，可能是参与蜜蜂微孢子虫感染反应的主要免疫途径。经过几十年在丹麦品系中对 Nosema 耐受性的选择性繁殖，这些蜜蜂似乎对蜜蜂微孢子虫感染具有耐受性。
