Spencer R C, Wheat P F, Magee J T, Brown E H
Department of Bacteriology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK.
J Antimicrob Chemother. 1990 Sep;26(3):435-46. doi: 10.1093/jac/26.3.435.
A United Kingdom national survey of clinical isolates and their antimicrobial susceptibility was performed, with 61 participating hospital laboratories, between 1986 and 1989. Each centre used Microbe Base, a commercial suite of micro-computer programs which can record and analyse antimicrobial susceptibility data Informative on 366,853 bacterial isolates and their antimicrobial susceptibility was received from hospital and domiciliary specimens; Candida spp. accounted for a further 9121 isolates. The sites of origin were urine 51%, skin and soft tissue 21%, lower respiratory tract 8%, genital tract 7%, ear, nose and throat 6%, eye 3%, blood 1.5% and faeces 1%. Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 242,307 isolates, the main species were Escherichia coli 48%, Proteus spp. 9%, Pseudomonas spp. 7%, Haemophilus influenzae 6% and Klebsiella spp. 4%. Gram-positive bacteria numbered 124,546 with a predominance of Staphylococcus aureus 42%, beta-haemolytic streptococci 20%, Enterococcus spp. 12%, coagulase negative staphylococci 10% and Streptococcus pneumoniae 5%. All pneumococci were sensitive to penicillin, and methicillin resistant in Staph. aureus was only 2%. Twelve per cent of H. influenzae strains were resistant to ampicillin. There were no significant levels of gentamicin resistance in Gram-negative bacilli.
1986年至1989年间，联合王国对临床分离株及其抗菌药敏性进行了全国性调查，有61家参与调查的医院实验室。每个中心使用Microbe Base，这是一套商业微机程序，可以记录和分析抗菌药敏性数据。从医院和家庭标本中获得了366853株细菌分离株及其抗菌药敏性的信息；念珠菌属又占了9121株分离株。来源部位为尿液51%、皮肤和软组织21%、下呼吸道8%、生殖道7%、耳鼻喉6%、眼睛3%、血液1.5%和粪便1%。革兰氏阴性菌占242307株分离株，主要菌种为大肠杆菌48%、变形杆菌属9%、假单胞菌属7%、流感嗜血杆菌6%和克雷伯菌属4%。革兰氏阳性菌有124546株，其中金黄色葡萄球菌占主导地位，为42%，β溶血性链球菌为20%，肠球菌属为12%，凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌为10%，肺炎链球菌为5%。所有肺炎球菌对青霉素敏感，金黄色葡萄球菌中耐甲氧西林的仅占2%。12%的流感嗜血杆菌菌株对氨苄西林耐药。革兰氏阴性杆菌中没有显著水平的庆大霉素耐药性。
