Faculty of Dentistry, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand.
J Periodontol. 2012 Nov;83(11):1372-81. doi: 10.1902/jop.2012.110500. Epub 2012 Jan 30.
Many studies have investigated the risks of adverse neonatal outcomes associated with the presence of periodontitis in non-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected pregnant women. To the best of our knowledge, there has been no study to investigate the risk of neonatal outcomes associated with periodontitis in HIV-infected pregnant women. The aim of this study is to measure the risk of having adverse neonatal outcomes: preterm delivery (<37 weeks of gestation), low birth weight (<2500 g at birth), and preterm and low-birth-weight baby (<37 weeks of gestation and <2500 g at birth) associated with the presence of periodontitis in HIV-infected women.
A total of 292 HIV-infected pregnant women were interviewed for demographic information and medical history and were examined for their periodontal status during weeks 16 to 34 of gestation. Follow-up sessions were done after the delivery to record the baby's data. Periodontitis defined by various criteria were evaluated as exposures. Binomial regression (generalized linear model) was used to examine the risk ratios (RRs). Logistic regression, t tests, and χ2 test were used to examine the associations of periodontitis with adverse neonatal outcomes.
Forty women had preterm delivery, 39 women delivered a low-birth-weight baby, and 22 women gave birth to a baby that was preterm and low birth weight. We found significant elevated risks of having preterm delivery as RR = 3.08, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.29 to 7.38, low birth weight RR = 2.55, 95% CI = 1.04 to 2.65, and preterm and low birth weight as RR = 4.08, 95% CI = 1.55 to 10.76 in women who had at ≥1 5-mm periodontal pocket.
This study found a positive risk of adverse neonatal outcomes in HIV-infected pregnant women who had moderate periodontitis.
许多研究已经调查了非人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 感染孕妇牙周炎与不良新生儿结局之间的风险。据我们所知，尚未有研究调查 HIV 感染孕妇牙周炎与新生儿结局之间的风险。本研究旨在测量牙周炎与 HIV 感染孕妇不良新生儿结局（早产（<37 周妊娠）、低出生体重（出生时<2500 克）和早产及低出生体重儿（<37 周妊娠和出生时<2500 克））之间的关联风险。
共对 292 名 HIV 感染孕妇进行了问卷调查，内容包括人口统计学信息和病史，并在妊娠 16 至 34 周时对其牙周状况进行了检查。分娩后进行随访以记录婴儿的数据。将不同标准定义的牙周炎作为暴露因素进行评估。使用二项式回归（广义线性模型）检查风险比 (RR)。使用逻辑回归、t 检验和 χ2 检验检查牙周炎与不良新生儿结局的关联。
40 名孕妇早产，39 名孕妇分娩低出生体重儿，22 名孕妇分娩早产儿且出生体重低。我们发现，患有≥1 个 5mm 牙周袋的孕妇早产的风险显著升高，RR=3.08，95%置信区间（CI）为 1.29 至 7.38，低出生体重 RR=2.55，95%CI=1.04 至 2.65，早产及低出生体重 RR=4.08，95%CI=1.55 至 10.76。
本研究发现，患有中度牙周炎的 HIV 感染孕妇发生不良新生儿结局的风险呈阳性。
