Noack B, Klingenberg J, Weigelt J, Hoffmann T
Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, Medical Faculty, University of Technology, Dresden, Germany.
J Periodontal Res. 2005 Aug;40(4):339-45. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2005.00808.x.
Previous studies have suggested that periodontal disease may be an important risk factor for preterm low birth weight. However, the link between periodontal health status of pregnant women and preterm low birth weight is contentious, as recent studies found no association between periodontitis and pregnancy outcome.
The aim of this study was to investigate this potential link in a German Caucasian population.
Fifty-nine pregnant women with a high risk for a preterm low birth weight infant (suffering from preterm contractions, cases, group 1) as well as 42 control women with no preterm contractions during pregnancy and having an infant appropriate for date and weight (>or= 37 weeks gestation, >or= 2500 g, group 2) were examined. Clinical periodontal status was recorded on a full mouth basis. Subgingival plaque samples were taken and periodontal pathogens were identified by polymerase chain reaction. Additionally, interleukin-1 beta level in gingival crevicular fluid was analysed.
The mean percentage of sites showing moderate to advanced attachment loss (>or=3 mm) was low in all study groups (group 1: 9.9 +/- 11.2%; group 2:10.6 +/- 14.1%, respectively). No significant differences between the groups in any aspects of the studied periodontitis parameters could be detected. Using a logistic regression model controlling for known preterm low birth weight risk factors, no periodontitis-associated factors increased risk for preterm contractions or preterm low birth weight. The odds ratio (OR) was 1.19 for preterm contractions, the 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.46; 3.11 and 0.73 for preterm low birth weight; 95% CI: 0.13; 4.19, respectively.
In this population, periodontitis was not a detectable risk factor for preterm low birth weight in pregnant women.
先前的研究表明，牙周疾病可能是早产低体重的一个重要风险因素。然而，孕妇牙周健康状况与早产低体重之间的联系存在争议，因为最近的研究未发现牙周炎与妊娠结局之间存在关联。
本研究旨在调查德国白种人群中的这一潜在联系。
对59名有早产低体重婴儿高风险的孕妇（患有先兆早产，病例组，第1组）以及42名孕期无先兆早产且婴儿足月且体重合适（妊娠≥37周，体重≥2500 g，第2组）的对照孕妇进行了检查。对全口进行临床牙周状况记录。采集龈下菌斑样本，并通过聚合酶链反应鉴定牙周病原体。此外，还分析了龈沟液中的白细胞介素-1β水平。
在所有研究组中，显示中度至重度附着丧失（≥3 mm）的部位平均百分比均较低（第1组：9.9±11.2%；第2组：10.6±14.1%）。在研究的牙周炎参数的任何方面，两组之间均未检测到显著差异。使用控制已知早产低体重风险因素的逻辑回归模型，未发现与牙周炎相关的因素会增加先兆早产或早产低体重的风险。先兆早产的比值比（OR）为1.19，95%置信区间（CI）为0.46；3.11，早产低体重的OR为0.73；95%CI：0.13；4.19。
在该人群中，牙周炎不是孕妇早产低体重的可检测风险因素。
