Koch K L, Summy-Long J, Bingaman S, Sperry N, Stern R M
Department of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey 17033.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1990 Nov;71(5):1269-75. doi: 10.1210/jcem-71-5-1269.
Vasopressin and oxytocin are nonapeptides secreted from the neurohypophysis; increases in vasopressin are associated with nausea and vomiting in some, but not all, species. Our aim was to determine whether plasma vasopressin and oxytocin levels were altered in healthy volunteers who did or did not develop nausea during vection, an optokinetic stimulus which produces the illusion of self-motion. Vection was produced by rotating a drum with an inner surface of black and white vertical stripes around the seated stationary subject. Gastric myoelectrical activity was recorded continuously throughout the experiment with electrodes positioned on the abdominal surface. Plasma samples were obtained before vection and after drum rotation stopped when nausea and tachygastria were present. Vasopressin and oxytocin were extracted from plasma and quantified by RIA. During vection six subjects reported nausea and developed gastric dysrhythmias; six other subjects had no nausea and remained in normal 3-cpm myoelectrical rhythms. Vasopressin and oxytocin values before vection were similar in each group of subjects. One minute after vection stopped, plasma vasopressin levels were significantly greater (P less than 0.05) in subjects experiencing nausea and tachygastrias (35.4 +/- 26.7 pmol/L) than in those without symptoms (2.7 +/- 0.47 pmol/L). Oxytocin levels were unchanged by either vection or nausea. It is concluded that 1) vasopressin, not oxytocin, neurons in the magnocellular-neurohypophyseal system are activated during vection-induced nausea and gastric dysrhythmias; and 2) illusory self-motion may be used safely to study the neuroendocrine responses to brain-gut interactions and nausea in man.
血管升压素和催产素是由神经垂体分泌的九肽；在某些但并非所有物种中，血管升压素的增加与恶心和呕吐有关。我们的目的是确定在进行视动刺激（一种产生自我运动错觉的视动刺激）时出现或未出现恶心的健康志愿者中，血浆血管升压素和催产素水平是否发生改变。视动刺激是通过围绕坐着的静止受试者旋转一个内表面有黑白垂直条纹的鼓来产生的。在整个实验过程中，用放置在腹部表面的电极连续记录胃肌电活动。在视动刺激前以及鼓停止旋转且出现恶心和心动过速时采集血浆样本。从血浆中提取血管升压素和催产素，并通过放射免疫分析法进行定量。在视动刺激期间，6名受试者报告出现恶心并出现胃节律失常；另外6名受试者没有恶心，并且保持正常的3次/分钟肌电节律。每组受试者在视动刺激前的血管升压素和催产素值相似。视动刺激停止1分钟后，出现恶心和心动过速的受试者（35.4±26.7 pmol/L）的血浆血管升压素水平显著高于无症状受试者（2.7±0.47 pmol/L）（P<0.05）。视动刺激或恶心均未改变催产素水平。结论是：1）在视动刺激引起的恶心和胃节律失常期间，大细胞 - 神经垂体系统中的血管升压素神经元而非催产素神经元被激活；2）自我运动错觉可安全地用于研究人类对脑 - 肠相互作用和恶心的神经内分泌反应。
