Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106-17, Taiwan.
ACS Nano. 2012 Feb 28;6(2):1657-66. doi: 10.1021/nn204654h. Epub 2012 Feb 7.
We demonstrate here that the nanostructure of poly(3-hexylthiophene) and [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT/PCBM) bulk heterojunction (BHJ) can be tuned by inorganic nanoparticles (INPs) for enhanced solar cell performance. The self-organized nanostructural evolution of P3HT/PCBM/INPs thin films was investigated by using simultaneous grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS) and grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS) technique. Including INPs into P3HT/PCBM leads to (1) diffusion of PCBM molecules into aggregated PCBM clusters and (2) formation of interpenetrating networks that contain INPs which interact with amorphous P3HT polymer chains that are intercalated with PCBM molecules. Both of the nanostructures provide efficient pathways for free electron transport. The distinctive INP-tuned nanostructures are thermally stable and exhibit significantly enhanced electron mobility, external quantum efficiency, and photovoltaic device performance. These gains over conventional P3HT/PCBM directly result from newly demonstrated nanostructure. This work provides an attractive strategy for manipulating the phase-separated BHJ layers and also increases insight into nanostructural evolution when INPs are incorporated into BHJs.
我们在这里证明，通过无机纳米粒子（INPs）可以调整聚（3-己基噻吩）和[6,6]-苯基-C61-丁酸甲酯（P3HT/PCBM）体异质结（BHJ）的纳米结构，以提高太阳能电池的性能。通过同时使用掠入射小角 X 射线散射（GISAXS）和掠入射广角 X 射线散射（GIWAXS）技术，研究了 P3HT/PCBM/INPs 薄膜的自组织纳米结构演化。将 INPs 纳入 P3HT/PCBM 中会导致：（1）PCBM 分子扩散到聚集的 PCBM 簇中；（2）形成包含与插层有 PCBM 分子的无定形 P3HT 聚合物链相互作用的 INPs 的互穿网络。这两种结构都为自由电子传输提供了有效的途径。独特的 INP 调整的纳米结构具有热稳定性，并表现出显著提高的电子迁移率、外量子效率和光伏器件性能。与传统的 P3HT/PCBM 相比，这些增益直接源于新展示的纳米结构。这项工作为操纵相分离 BHJ 层提供了一种有吸引力的策略，并深入了解了 INPs 纳入 BHJ 时的纳米结构演化。
