Utrecht institute of Linguistics, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Neuropsychol Dev Cogn B Aging Neuropsychol Cogn. 2012 Nov;19(6):741-58. doi: 10.1080/13825585.2011.652590. Epub 2012 Jan 31.
In this study, older adults monitored for pre-assigned target sounds in a target talker's speech in a quiet (no noise) condition and in a condition with competing-talker noise. The question was to which extent the impact of the competing-talker noise on performance could be predicted from individual hearing loss and from a cognitive measure of inhibitory abilities, i.e., a measure of Stroop interference. The results showed that the non-auditory measure of Stroop interference predicted the impact of distraction on performance, over and above the effect of hearing loss. This suggests that individual differences in inhibitory abilities among older adults relate to susceptibility to distracting speech.
在这项研究中，老年人在安静（无噪声）条件和有竞争说话者噪声的条件下，监测预先指定的目标声音。问题是，竞争说话者噪声对性能的影响在多大程度上可以从个体听力损失和抑制能力的认知测量（即斯特鲁普干扰测量）来预测。结果表明，斯特鲁普干扰的非听觉测量预测了分心对表现的影响，超过了听力损失的影响。这表明，老年人抑制能力的个体差异与易受分散性言语的影响有关。
