3rd Orthopaedic Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Medical School, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Phys Sportsmed. 2011 Nov;39(4):51-9. doi: 10.3810/psm.2011.11.1939.
Participation in physical activity and recreational sports is critical for maintaining overall health; athletic activities and reduction in the incidence of several "lifestyle" diseases seem to have a dose-dependent relationship. Also, quality of life is enhanced in people who are active and regularly participate in sports. However, sports-related joint loading and strenuous occupational loading have been shown to increase the risk of osteoarthritis (OA), which seems to have a multifactorial etiology. This article reviews the literature on known connections between participation in sports and athletic activities and development of secondary OA in the joints of the major upper and lower limbs (ie, knee, hip, elbow, and shoulder) in athletes without injury. Most studies examining the connection between participation in sports and later development of OA usually provide low-level evidence and have many methodological weaknesses. Based on the literature reviewed in this article, it may be concluded that the connection between participation in athletic activities and development of OA has not been proven; however, the condition is highly likely to occur in the hip and knee joints. Definite conclusions regarding the connection between development of glenohumeral and/or elbow OA and participation in athletic activities cannot be drawn.
参与体育活动和娱乐性运动对于保持整体健康至关重要；运动活动和多种“生活方式”疾病发病率的降低似乎与剂量有关。此外，积极参与体育活动的人生活质量也得到了提高。然而，与运动相关的关节负荷和剧烈的职业负荷已被证明会增加骨关节炎（OA）的风险，而 OA 似乎具有多种病因。本文回顾了有关运动员在没有受伤的情况下，参与运动和体育活动与主要上下肢（即膝、髋、肘和肩）关节继发性 OA 发展之间已知联系的文献。大多数研究运动参与与后期 OA 发展之间联系的研究通常提供的证据级别较低，且存在许多方法学上的弱点。根据本文综述的文献，可以得出结论，运动参与与 OA 发展之间的联系尚未得到证实；然而，这种情况很可能发生在髋关节和膝关节。对于肩或肘 OA 的发展与运动参与之间的联系，不能得出明确的结论。
