Roos H
Ortopediska kliniken, Helsingborgs lasarett.
Lakartidningen. 1998 Oct 14;95(42):4606-10.
Both joint injury and joint stress contribute to the development of arthrosis. The article consists in a review of literature in this field which sheds light on the risk of developing hip or knee arthrosis as a result of sports participation. Soccer is a sport associated with manifest joint overload and risk of injury to the knee. Owing to the increased incidence of cruciate ligament and meniscus injury among soccer players, there is a markedly increased risk of arthrosis (or post-traumatic arthrosis), radiological signs of arthrosis being present in 50 per cent of cases after 15 years. Moreover, elite level soccer is associated with an increased risk of knee arthrosis, even if cases of trauma-induced arthrosis are excluded. There is also a markedly increased risk of hip arthrosis among former elite soccer players. Below the elite level, however, soccer is not associated with an increased risk of knee or hip arthrosis; nor is long-distance running associated with an increased risk of arthrosis, though extremely long-distance running may cause arthrosis, primarily in the hip, but possibly also in the knee.
关节损伤和关节压力都会促使关节病的发展。本文对该领域的文献进行了综述，这些文献揭示了因参与运动而导致髋部或膝部关节病的风险。足球是一项与明显的关节负荷过重以及膝关节受伤风险相关的运动。由于足球运动员中十字韧带和半月板损伤的发生率增加，患关节病（或创伤后关节病）的风险显著增加，15年后50%的病例会出现关节病的放射学迹象。此外，即使排除创伤性关节病病例，高水平足球运动也与膝部关节病风险增加有关。前高水平足球运动员患髋部关节病的风险也显著增加。然而，在高水平以下，足球与膝部或髋部关节病风险增加无关；长跑也与关节病风险增加无关，不过超长距离跑步可能会导致关节病，主要发生在髋部，但也可能发生在膝部。
