Laboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, United States.
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2012 Apr;24(2):225-31. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2012.01.004. Epub 2012 Jan 30.
Tissue stem cells are found in specialized microenvironments (niches) where they are exposed to diverse systemic and local signals that are integrated with cell intrinsic factors to regulate stem cell behavior. In general, systemic signals are utilized to coordinate the response of tissues to acute or long-term changes that affect the whole organism, such as variations in nutrient availability or aging. In contrast, local signaling regulates tissue maintenance by balancing stem cell self-renewal with differentiation under homeostatic conditions and in response to local damage. In this review, we highlight the role of the JAK-STAT pathway in two Drosophila stem cell systems, the testis and intestine, and compare and contrast how activation of this pathway leads to tissue maintenance under both homeostatic conditions and in response to stress or injury.
组织干细胞存在于专门的微环境（龛）中，在这些龛中，它们会受到各种系统和局部信号的影响，这些信号与细胞内在因素相结合，调节干细胞的行为。一般来说，系统信号被用来协调组织对影响整个生物体的急性或长期变化的反应，例如营养物质可用性的变化或衰老。相比之下，局部信号通过在稳态条件下平衡干细胞自我更新与分化，并响应局部损伤来调节组织维持。在这篇综述中，我们强调了 JAK-STAT 途径在两个果蝇干细胞系统（睾丸和肠道）中的作用，并比较和对比了该途径在稳态条件下和响应应激或损伤时如何导致组织维持的激活。
