Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2012 Jan-Feb;27(1):138-45.
The aim of this study was to systemically review the effect of platform switching on preserving implant marginal bone.
An electronic search (PubMed and MEDLINE databases) and a hand search of peer-reviewed journals for English-language articles published before June 30th, 2010, were performed. The selected articles included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and prospective comparative clinical trials with a minimal sample size of 10 subjects and 10 implants followed for at least 1 year after loading. The quality of included RCTs was also assessed.
Nine studies met the inclusion criteria; three were prospective comparative studies and six were RCTs. All studies applied either standardized conventional or digital periapical radiographs for the assessment of bone levels. Seven of the nine included articles demonstrated that platform switching was effective in preserving marginal bone around implants. The longest follow-up among these studies was 5 years.
Based on the current evidence, the use of abutments with a smaller diameter than their corresponding implant platforms seems to exert beneficial effects on peri-implant marginal bone. Some potential confounding factors, for example, the apicocoronal position of implants in relation to crestal bone, the presence of various implant microtextures, the degree of platform switch, and the reliability of examination methods, should be considered when interpreting the present results.
本研究旨在系统评价平台转换对维持种植体边缘骨的影响。
对 2010 年 6 月 30 日前发表的英文文献进行电子检索（PubMed 和 MEDLINE 数据库）和手工检索同行评议期刊，纳入最小样本量为 10 名患者和 10 枚种植体、随访 1 年以上的随机对照试验（RCT）和前瞻性对照临床试验。同时对纳入的 RCT 进行质量评估。
9 项研究符合纳入标准，其中 3 项为前瞻性对照研究，6 项为 RCT。所有研究均采用标准化常规或数字根尖片评估骨水平。9 篇文章中的 7 篇表明平台转换在维持种植体周围边缘骨方面是有效的。这些研究中最长的随访时间为 5 年。
根据目前的证据，使用直径小于种植体平台的基台似乎对种植体边缘骨有有益的影响。在解释这些结果时，应考虑到一些潜在的混杂因素，例如种植体与牙槽嵴骨的根尖-冠向位置、各种种植体微结构、平台转换程度和检查方法的可靠性。
