Taylor Wendell C, Franzini Luisa, Olvera Norma, Carlos Poston Walker S, Lin Ge
Division of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Health Promotion and Prevention Research, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 7000 Fannin Street, Suite 2670, Houston, TX, 77030, USA,
J Urban Health. 2012 Feb 1;89(2):296-307. doi: 10.1007/s11524-011-9663-5.
An important research area is the relationship among income status, health, and the environment. This study examined the relationships among income levels, features of the environment and friendliness toward physical activity. We investigated whether low-, middle-, and high-income neighborhoods differ in terms of four environmental characteristics that affect the degree to which an area is conducive to physical activity: population density, land use diversity, street design, and physical disorder in the environment. In a large, urban southwestern county, 30 block groups were randomly selected to represent low-, middle-, and high-income neighborhoods. Using the St. Louis Environmental Checklist Audit, walking audits were conducted and analyzed. The low-income neighborhoods had significantly greater density and land use diversity than the high-income neighborhoods. High- and middle-income neighborhoods had significantly fewer manifestations of physical disorder and incivility than low-income neighborhoods. Features of physical activity-promoting environments were found in each income level neighborhood.
一个重要的研究领域是收入状况、健康与环境之间的关系。本研究考察了收入水平、环境特征与对体育活动的友好程度之间的关系。我们调查了低收入、中等收入和高收入社区在影响一个地区对体育活动适宜程度的四个环境特征方面是否存在差异：人口密度、土地利用多样性、街道设计以及环境中的物理紊乱。在西南部一个大型城市县，随机选择了30个街区组来代表低收入、中等收入和高收入社区。使用圣路易斯环境清单审计，进行并分析了步行审计。低收入社区的密度和土地利用多样性显著高于高收入社区。高收入和中等收入社区的物理紊乱和不文明表现明显少于低收入社区。在每个收入水平的社区都发现了促进体育活动环境的特征。
