Li-Beisson Yonghua, Shorrosh Basil, Beisson Fred, Andersson Mats X, Arondel Vincent, Bates Philip D, Baud Sébastien, Bird David, Debono Allan, Durrett Timothy P, Franke Rochus B, Graham Ian A, Katayama Kenta, Kelly Amélie A, Larson Tony, Markham Jonathan E, Miquel Martine, Molina Isabel, Nishida Ikuo, Rowland Owen, Samuels Lacey, Schmid Katherine M, Wada Hajime, Welti Ruth, Xu Changcheng, Zallot Rémi, Ohlrogge John
Arabidopsis Book. 2010;8:e0133. doi: 10.1199/tab.0133. Epub 2010 Jun 11.
Acyl lipids in Arabidopsis and all other plants have a myriad of diverse functions. These include providing the core diffusion barrier of the membranes that separates cells and subcellular organelles. This function alone involves more than 10 membrane lipid classes, including the phospholipids, galactolipids, and sphingolipids, and within each class the variations in acyl chain composition expand the number of structures to several hundred possible molecular species. Acyl lipids in the form of triacylglycerol account for 35% of the weight of Arabidopsis seeds and represent their major form of carbon and energy storage. A layer of cutin and cuticular waxes that restricts the loss of water and provides protection from invasions by pathogens and other stresses covers the entire aerial surface of Arabidopsis. Similar functions are provided by suberin and its associated waxes that are localized in roots, seed coats, and abscission zones and are produced in response to wounding. This chapter focuses on the metabolic pathways that are associated with the biosynthesis and degradation of the acyl lipids mentioned above. These pathways, enzymes, and genes are also presented in detail in an associated website (ARALIP: http://aralip.plantbiology.msu.edu/). Protocols and methods used for analysis of Arabidopsis lipids are provided. Finally, a detailed summary of the composition of Arabidopsis lipids is provided in three figures and 15 tables.
拟南芥和所有其他植物中的酰基脂质具有多种不同的功能。这些功能包括提供分隔细胞和亚细胞细胞器的膜的核心扩散屏障。仅这一功能就涉及10多种膜脂类别，包括磷脂、半乳糖脂和鞘脂，并且在每一类中，酰基链组成的变化将结构数量扩展到数百种可能的分子种类。三酰甘油形式的酰基脂质占拟南芥种子重量的35%，是其碳和能量储存的主要形式。一层角质和角质层蜡覆盖了拟南芥的整个地上表面，限制水分流失，并提供抵御病原体入侵和其他胁迫的保护。栓质及其相关蜡质也具有类似功能，它们位于根、种皮和脱落区，并在受伤时产生。本章重点介绍与上述酰基脂质生物合成和降解相关的代谢途径。这些途径、酶和基因也在一个相关网站（ARALIP：http://aralip.plantbiology.msu.edu/）中详细介绍。提供了用于分析拟南芥脂质的方案和方法。最后，在三个图和15个表中提供了拟南芥脂质组成的详细总结。
