University of California, Los Angeles, USA.
Behav Ther. 2012 Mar;43(1):113-22. doi: 10.1016/j.beth.2011.02.008. Epub 2011 May 30.
Improving intimate relationships with preventive and educational interventions has proven to be more difficult than originally conceived, and earlier models and approaches may be reaching their limits. Basic concerns remain about the long-term effectiveness of these interventions, whether they are reaching and benefiting couples most likely to need them, and how they might be exerting their effects. We identify six problems that we believe are hindering progress in the field, and for each we outline research findings that point to new ways forward. These problems include (a) the incomplete understanding of couple communication and unwarranted translation of communication findings into interventions; (b) the surprising stability of relationship satisfaction; (c) the powerful roles that personal histories, personalities, and stress play in determining relationship outcomes; (d) the difficulties involved in recruiting and retaining high-risk couples in intervention programs; (e) the lack of attention given to specific stages of relationship development in interventions; and (f) the tendency to deliver preventive and educational interventions in the same format as therapies for distressed couples. We conclude by noting that a large body of basic research about intimate relationships, and large-scale outcome research with diverse populations, hold great promise for advancing the field.
改善亲密关系的预防和教育干预措施比最初设想的要困难得多，早期的模式和方法可能已经达到了极限。人们仍然基本关注这些干预措施的长期效果，它们是否能够接触到最需要它们的夫妇并使他们受益，以及它们可能如何发挥作用。我们确定了六个我们认为阻碍该领域进展的问题，并为每个问题概述了指向新的前进方向的研究结果。这些问题包括：（a）对夫妻沟通的理解不完整，以及将沟通研究结果不合理地转化为干预措施；（b）关系满意度的惊人稳定性；（c）个人历史、个性和压力在决定关系结果方面的强大作用；（d）在干预计划中招募和留住高风险夫妇的困难；（e）干预措施中对关系发展特定阶段的关注不足；（f）倾向于以治疗苦恼夫妇的相同方式提供预防和教育干预措施。最后，我们注意到，大量关于亲密关系的基础研究和对不同人群的大规模结果研究为该领域的发展带来了巨大的希望。
