Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.
Emerg Infect Dis. 2012 Feb;18(2):248-55. doi: 10.3201/eid1802.111492.
Nipah virus (NiV) is a highly pathogenic paramyxovirus that causes fatal encephalitis in humans. The initial outbreak of NiV infection occurred in Malaysia and Singapore in 1998-1999; relatively small, sporadic outbreaks among humans have occurred in Bangladesh since 2001. We characterized the complete genomic sequences of identical NiV isolates from 2 patients in 2008 and partial genomic sequences of throat swab samples from 3 patients in 2010, all from Bangladesh. All sequences from patients in Bangladesh comprised a distinct genetic group. However, the detection of 3 genetically distinct sequences from patients in the districts of Faridpur and Gopalganj indicated multiple co-circulating lineages in a localized region over a short time (January-March 2010). Sequence comparisons between the open reading frames of all available NiV genes led us to propose a standardized protocol for genotyping NiV; this protcol provides a simple and accurate way to classify current and future NiV sequences.
尼帕病毒（NiV）是一种高致病性副粘病毒，可导致人类致命脑炎。NiV 感染的首次爆发发生在 1998-1999 年的马来西亚和新加坡；自 2001 年以来，孟加拉国相对较小、零星的人类爆发。我们从 2008 年的 2 名患者和 2010 年的 3 名患者的咽喉拭子样本中分离出了相同的 NiV 分离株，并对其进行了完整基因组序列和部分基因组序列的特征分析，所有分离株均来自孟加拉国。来自孟加拉国患者的所有序列构成了一个独特的遗传群体。然而，在 Faridpur 和 Gopalganj 地区患者中检测到 3 种具有明显遗传差异的序列表明，在短时间内（2010 年 1 月至 3 月），一个局部区域存在多种同时传播的谱系。对所有可用 NiV 基因的开放阅读框进行序列比较，使我们提出了一种用于 NiV 基因分型的标准化方案；该方案为当前和未来的 NiV 序列提供了一种简单而准确的分类方法。
