Department of Pharmacogenomics, Showa University School of Medicine, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
Am J Perinatol. 2012 May;29(5):377-82. doi: 10.1055/s-0031-1300971. Epub 2012 Feb 3.
Breast milk (BM) is the main source of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection. We examined whether the number of HCMV DNA copies in BM is related to HCMV infection in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. We identified 11 pairs of VLBW infants and mothers. BM samples were collected every week until 10 weeks postpartum. Urine samples were collected from the infants within 1 week, at 6 to 8 weeks, at discharge, and whenever HCMV infection was suspected. HCMV DNA in BM was positive in 7 of 11 mothers and reached a peak at 4 to 5 weeks postpartum. Of the 11, 5 infants were determined to be infected from positive HCMV DNA in the urine, despite the fact that BM was used after being frozen. Of the five, four infected infants exhibited symptoms between 35 and 60 days of age. Symptomatic infants had longer stays and slower weight gain. The HCMV infection rate is high in very preterm infants. A new strategy to prevent HCMV infection other than freezing should therefore be established.
母乳（BM）是人类巨细胞病毒（HCMV）感染的主要来源。我们研究了母乳中 HCMV DNA 拷贝数是否与极低出生体重（VLBW）婴儿的 HCMV 感染有关。我们鉴定了 11 对 VLBW 婴儿及其母亲。在产后 10 周内，每周采集 BM 样本。婴儿在 1 周内、6 至 8 周、出院时以及怀疑有 HCMV 感染时采集尿液样本。11 位母亲中有 7 位的母乳中 HCMV DNA 呈阳性，且在产后 4 至 5 周达到峰值。在这 11 位婴儿中，有 5 位通过尿液中 HCMV DNA 阳性而被确诊感染，尽管使用的是经过冷冻的母乳。这 5 位中，有 4 位感染婴儿在 35 至 60 天出现症状。有症状的婴儿住院时间更长，体重增加更慢。极早产儿的 HCMV 感染率很高。因此，应该建立一种新的策略来预防 HCMV 感染，而不是仅仅通过冷冻来预防。
