Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany.
Acta Derm Venereol. 2012 Mar;92(2):194-9. doi: 10.2340/00015555-1268.
Dapsone is widely used in the treatment of leprosy and several chronic inflammatory dermatological conditions. Hypersensitivity reactions to dapsone are potentially fatal adverse drug reactions with unknown prevalence and risk factors. We performed a systematic review covering all reported cases of hypersensitivity reactions, in order to systematically summarize the published evidence on prevalence, clinical course and fatality rate. Articles were identified through standardized search strategies. Included studies were reviewed for hypersensitivity characteristics and odds ratios were calculated in univariate and multivariate regression models to assess the risk factors for fatal outcome. A total of 114 articles (17 epidemiological studies, 97 case reports) totalling 336 patients with hypersensitivity reactions were included for analysis. From the epidemiological studies a total hypersensitivity reaction prevalence rate of 1.4% (95% confidence interval 1.2–1.7%) was determined. Mucosal involvement, hepatitis, higher age and disease occurrence in non-affluent countries were associated with higher risk of fatal outcome. Overall, the fatality rate was 9.9%.
氨苯砜广泛用于治疗麻风病和几种慢性炎症性皮肤病。对氨苯砜的过敏反应是一种潜在致命的药物不良反应，其流行率和风险因素未知。我们进行了一项系统评价，涵盖了所有报道的过敏反应病例，以便系统地总结已发表的关于流行率、临床过程和死亡率的证据。通过标准化的搜索策略确定了文章。对纳入的研究进行了过敏反应特征的回顾，并在单变量和多变量回归模型中计算了比值比，以评估导致死亡结局的风险因素。共有 114 篇文章（17 项流行病学研究，97 例病例报告）纳入 336 例过敏反应患者进行分析。从流行病学研究中确定了总过敏反应发生率为 1.4%（95%置信区间 1.2-1.7%）。黏膜受累、肝炎、年龄较大和在非富裕国家发病与更高的死亡风险相关。总体而言，死亡率为 9.9%。
