Arditi A, Knoblauch K, Grunwald I
Vision Research Laboratory, Lighthouse, Inc., New York, New York 10022.
J Opt Soc Am A. 1990 Oct;7(10):2011-5. doi: 10.1364/josaa.7.002011.
We compared the effects of fixed and variable (proportional) spacing on reading speeds and found variable pitch to yield better performance at medium and large character sizes and fixed pitch to be superior for character sizes approaching the acuity limit. The data indicate at least two crowding effects at the smallest sizes: one that interferes with individual character identification and one that interferes with word identification. A control experiment using rapid serial visual presentation suggests that it is the greater horizontal compression and consequently reduced eye-movement requirements of variable pitch that are responsible for its superiority at medium and large character sizes.
我们比较了固定间距和可变（比例）间距对阅读速度的影响，发现可变间距在中、大字号时能产生更好的表现，而固定间距在接近视力极限的字号时更具优势。数据表明，在最小字号时至少存在两种拥挤效应：一种干扰单个字符识别，另一种干扰单词识别。一项使用快速序列视觉呈现的对照实验表明，可变间距在中、大字号时具有优势，是因为其更大的水平压缩以及因此降低的眼动需求。
