Franke Andreas G, Schwarze Cornelia E, Christmann Michaela, Bonertz Caroline, Hildt Elisabeth, Lieb Klaus
Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Untere Zahlbacher Strasse 8, Mainz.
Psychiatr Prax. 2012 May;39(4):174-80. doi: 10.1055/s-0031-1298900. Epub 2012 Feb 8.
Little is known regarding characteristics of subjects using substances exclusively for the purpose of pharmacological neuroenhancement (PN). Aim of this pilot study was to characterize students in Germany who use methylphenidate (MPH) and/or amphetamines (AMPH) for PN.
Semi-structured interviews among 20 students who reported the use of MPH/AMPH for PN and 20 matched controls.
Subjects using stimulants for PN had significant better knowledge about further illicit substances for PN than controls. Users of AMPH more frequently used further illicit substances for PN than MPH users. Regarding prescription substances for PN no difference was found between MPH and AMPH users. AMPH users predominantly used AMPH intranasally for PN purposes. Stimulant users for PN used illicit substances (not for PN) more frequently with significantly higher rates of diagnoses of substance misuse of alcohol and THC (no difference between AMPH and MPH users).
Larger epidemiological studies are needed to elucidate the risk of misuse and addiction in subjects using stimulants for PN.
关于仅出于药理学神经增强（PN）目的使用药物的人群特征，我们了解甚少。本试点研究的目的是对德国使用哌醋甲酯（MPH）和/或苯丙胺（AMPH）进行PN的学生进行特征描述。
对20名报告使用MPH/AMPH进行PN的学生和20名匹配的对照组进行半结构化访谈。
使用兴奋剂进行PN的受试者比对照组对其他用于PN的非法药物有更丰富的知识。与MPH使用者相比，AMPH使用者更频繁地使用其他非法药物进行PN。在用于PN的处方药方面，MPH和AMPH使用者之间未发现差异。AMPH使用者主要通过鼻内使用AMPH进行PN。用于PN的兴奋剂使用者更频繁地使用非法药物（非用于PN），酒精和四氢大麻酚物质滥用的诊断率显著更高（AMPH和MPH使用者之间无差异）。
需要进行更大规模的流行病学研究，以阐明使用兴奋剂进行PN的人群中滥用和成瘾的风险。
