Murphy J Michael, Pagano Maria E, Ramirez Alicia, Yolanda Anaya A A, Nowlin Creda, Jellinek Michael S
Staff Psychologist, Department of Child Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital/Assistant Professor of Psychology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
J Child Fam Stud. 1999 Sep 1;8(3):343-356. doi: 10.1023/A:1022071430660.
Efforts to determine the prevalence of serious emotional disturbance in preschool-aged children have been hampered by the lack of a validated measure. The Preschool and Early Childhood Functional Assessment Scale (PECFAS) is a multi-dimensional measure that assesses the psychosocial functioning of children aged 3-7 years. The concurrent validity and reliability of the PECFAS were assessed in a sample of 30 preschool-aged children in a large Head Start program in Ventura, California. PECFAS ratings based on in-depth interviews were significantly related to parental ratings that the children had mental health problems, psychiatric diagnoses, teacher ratings of the child's need for mental health evaluations, teacher ratings of behavior problems on a standardized screening inventory (DIAL-R), and actual referrals for mental health evaluations. Interrater reliability for the total PECFAS score was high (r = .90) as was internal consistency of the five subscales (alpha = .86). Using the PECFAS scores as a standard, the weighted prevalence of serious emotional disturbance in this West Coast Head Start program was 17%, at the lower end of the current estimated rate of SED for older children in low income samples (18-26%).
由于缺乏经过验证的测量方法，确定学龄前儿童严重情绪障碍患病率的努力受到了阻碍。学龄前和幼儿功能评估量表（PECFAS）是一种多维度测量工具，用于评估3至7岁儿童的社会心理功能。在加利福尼亚州文图拉市一个大型启蒙计划中的30名学龄前儿童样本中，对PECFAS的同时效度和信度进行了评估。基于深入访谈的PECFAS评分与父母对孩子有心理健康问题的评分、精神病诊断、教师对孩子心理健康评估需求的评分、教师对标准化筛查量表（DIAL-R）上行为问题的评分以及实际心理健康评估转介显著相关。PECFAS总分的评分者间信度很高（r = 0.90），五个子量表的内部一致性也很高（α = 0.86）。以PECFAS分数为标准，这个西海岸启蒙计划中严重情绪障碍的加权患病率为17%，处于目前低收入样本中年龄较大儿童SED估计率（18 - 26%）的较低水平。
