吸烟和饮酒对大鼠舌和咽部的影响。

Effects to exposure of tobacco smoke and alcohol on the tongue and pharynx of rats.

机构信息

Oftalmology, Otorrinolaryngology, and Head and Neck Surgery, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo.

出版信息

Inhal Toxicol. 2012 Feb;24(3):153-60. doi: 10.3109/08958378.2011.649190. Epub 2012 Feb 10.

DOI:10.3109/08958378.2011.649190

PMID:22324907

Abstract

AIM

To study in rats the effects of exposure to tobacco and alcohol on the mucosa of the tongue and pharynx.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

Forty adult Wistar rats were allocated into four groups of 10 animals each: GI (control), food and water "ad libitum"; GII (alcohol), 30% of ethanol diluted in drinking water and food "ad libitum"; GIII (tobacco), exposure to the smoke of 10 cigarettes/day, food and water "ad libitum"; GIV (alcohol and tobacco), simultaneous exposure to both agents. After 260 days, the animals were sacrificed. Tongue and pharynx were removed for histopathological analysis.

RESULTS

GI had the lowest tongue and pharynx histological scores. In GII, GIII, and GIV tongue samples revealed: apical cell hyperplasia (GII: 60%, GIII: 30%, GIV: 20%), basal cell hyperplasia (GII: 60%, GIII: 40%), hyperkeratosis (GII: 70%, GIII: 30%, GIV: 30%), dysplasia (GII: 60%, GIII: 60%, GIV: 50%), and apoptosis (GII: 60%, GIII: 40%, GIV: 60%). Pharynx samples revealed: apical cell hyperplasia (GII: 40%, GIII: 30%, GIV: 70%), basal cell hyperplasia (GII: 30%, GIII: 40%, GIV: 40%), hyperkeratosis (GII: 50%, GIII: 80%, GIV: 40%), and dysplasia (GII: 50%, GIII: 80%, GIV: 50%). Carcinoma in situ was detected in both sites.

CONCLUSIONS

Alcohol and tobacco led to significant tongue and pharyngeal lesions that ranged from benign events to severe dysplasia. These findings confirm the deleterious effects of alcohol and tobacco on the airway mucosa.

摘要

目的

研究烟草和酒精暴露对大鼠舌和咽黏膜的影响。

材料和方法

将 40 只成年 Wistar 大鼠分为 4 组，每组 10 只：GI（对照组），自由摄取食物和水；GII（酒精组），将 30%乙醇稀释在饮用水和食物中并自由摄取；GIII（烟草组），每天暴露于 10 支香烟的烟雾中，自由摄取食物和水；GIV（酒精和烟草组），同时暴露于两种物质。260 天后，处死动物。取出舌和咽进行组织病理学分析。

结果

GI 组舌和咽的组织学评分最低。在 GII、GIII 和 GIV 组的舌样本中发现：顶端细胞增生（GII：60%，GIII：30%，GIV：20%）、基底细胞增生（GII：60%，GIII：40%，GIV：40%）、角化过度（GII：70%，GIII：30%，GIV：30%）、发育不良（GII：60%，GIII：60%，GIV：50%）和细胞凋亡（GII：60%，GIII：40%，GIV：60%）。咽样本中发现：顶端细胞增生（GII：40%，GIII：30%，GIV：70%）、基底细胞增生（GII：30%，GIII：40%，GIV：40%）、角化过度（GII：50%，GIII：80%，GIV：40%）和发育不良（GII：50%，GIII：80%，GIV：50%）。在两个部位均检测到原位癌。