Department of Family and Community Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA.
Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2012 Mar;8(3):293-301. doi: 10.4161/hv.19003. Epub 2012 Feb 13.
Vaccine preventable diseases have been responsible for a significant portion of childhood mortality in low-income countries, and have been re-emerging in medium- and high-income countries. The effectiveness of routine childhood immunization programs relies on multiple factors. Social determinants have the potential to affect immunization programs around the world, with globalization and ease of communication facilitating their effect. Exploring the types of social determinants affecting immunization efforts in various countries is of great importance to the ability of nations to address them, prevent the spread of disease and lower mortality rates. The social determinants affecting vaccination programs can vary among countries of different income levels, with some social determinants overlapping among these country groups. In this article we explore the various social determinants affecting routine immunization programs in low-, middle- and high-income countries and possible interventions to address them.
疫苗可预防疾病是造成低收入国家儿童死亡率居高不下的主要原因之一，而中高收入国家也出现了此类疾病死灰复燃的情况。常规儿童免疫规划的有效性取决于多个因素。社会决定因素有可能影响世界各地的免疫规划，而全球化和便捷的沟通则为其影响提供了便利。探索影响各国免疫努力的社会决定因素的类型，对于各国解决这些问题、防止疾病传播和降低死亡率的能力至关重要。不同收入水平国家的疫苗接种规划受到的社会决定因素各不相同，其中一些社会决定因素在这些国家群体中相互重叠。本文探讨了影响低收入、中等收入和高收入国家常规免疫规划的各种社会决定因素，以及解决这些问题的可能干预措施。
