饮食和总钙摄入量与年轻健康成年人的体脂和躯干脂肪百分比降低有关。

Dietary and total calcium intakes are associated with lower percentage total body and truncal fat in young, healthy adults.

机构信息

Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, Macdonald Stewart Hall, Room 326, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.

出版信息

J Am Coll Nutr. 2011 Dec;30(6):484-90. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2011.10719994.

DOI:10.1080/07315724.2011.10719994

PMID:22331683

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the relationship between different sources of calcium intake (dairy [milk products only], dietary [all dietary sources including dairy], nondairy dietary [all dietary sources excluding dairy], and total [dietary + supplemental]) and fat mass in young adults.

METHODS

One hundred ninety-seven healthy Caucasian men and women aged 18 to 28 years from southwestern Ontario underwent whole-body dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry to determine total body fat mass (%FM) and truncal fat (%TF). Calcium intakes, determined using a food frequency questionnaire, were divided into quartiles for each of dairy, dietary, nondairy dietary, and total sources. Physical activity scores were collected on a subset of subjects (n = 167). Mean %FM and %TF were compared between the lowest (Q1) and highest (Q4) quartiles of calcium consumers for each calcium source. Calcium intakes between subjects with %FM ≥ 50th and <50th percentile were also compared.

RESULTS

Mean calcium intakes were as follows: 568 mg/d dairy calcium, 312 mg/d nondairy dietary calcium, 881 mg/d dietary calcium, 68 mg/d supplemental calcium, and 948 mg/d total calcium. %FM was 3.9%-4.9% lower and %TF was 4.1%-5.0% lower (all P ≤ 0.05) for subjects in Q4 vs Q1, regardless of calcium source (dairy, dietary, and total). When adjusted for physical activity, lower %FM and %TF persisted (P ≤ 0.05) for subjects in Q4 (1113-1595 mg/d mean dietary and total calcium intakes) vs Q1 (116-393 mg/d mean dietary and total calcium intakes). Calcium intakes from dairy, dietary, and total sources for subjects with a %FM ≥ 50th percentile were significantly lower (all P ≤ 0.05); when adjusted for physical activity, dietary (P = 0.025) and total (P = 0.060) calcium intakes remained lower.

IMPLICATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS

Our findings support a relationship, even after adjusting for physical activity, between higher dietary and total calcium intakes and lower total body and truncal fat in young adults. Results suggest an intake of approximately 1500 mg/d calcium could aid in the management of body and truncal fat. We recommend that young adults be encouraged to increase their total calcium intakes to at least the recommended daily allowance of 1000 mg/d for reasons extending beyond bone health.

摘要

目的

研究年轻人不同钙源（乳制品[仅奶制品]、膳食[包括所有膳食来源的钙]、非乳制品膳食[不包括乳制品的所有膳食来源的钙]和总[膳食+补充剂]）与脂肪量之间的关系。

方法

来自安大略省西南部的 197 名 18 至 28 岁的健康白种男女进行全身双能 X 射线吸收法来确定总体脂肪量（%FM）和躯干脂肪（%TF）。通过食物频率问卷确定钙摄入量，根据每种钙源的摄入量将其分为四分位数。在一组受试者（n = 167）中收集体力活动评分。比较每个钙源中钙摄入量最低（Q1）和最高（Q4）四分位数的受试者的平均%FM 和%TF。还比较了%FM≥第 50 百分位和<第 50 百分位的受试者之间的钙摄入量。

结果

平均钙摄入量如下：568 毫克/天的乳制品钙，312 毫克/天的非乳制品膳食钙，881 毫克/天的膳食钙，68 毫克/天的补充钙和 948 毫克/天的总钙。无论钙源（乳制品、膳食和总）如何，Q4 组的%FM 降低了 3.9%-4.9%，%TF 降低了 4.1%-5.0%（均 P≤0.05）。在调整体力活动后，Q4（1113-1595 毫克/天的平均膳食和总钙摄入量）组的%FM 和%TF 仍持续下降（P≤0.05）。与 Q1（116-393 毫克/天的平均膳食和总钙摄入量）组相比，%FM≥第 50 百分位的受试者的乳制品、膳食和总钙摄入量显著较低（均 P≤0.05）；在调整体力活动后，膳食（P = 0.025）和总（P = 0.060）钙摄入量仍然较低。