Kocic B, Filipovic S, Nikolic M, Petrovic B
University of Nis, Faculty of Medicine, Serbia.
J BUON. 2011 Oct-Dec;16(4):602-8.
Anthocyanins are the largest group of water-soluble pigments in the plant kingdom. Anthocyanins are responsible for most of the red, blue, and purple colors of fruits, vegetables, flowers, and other plant tissues or products. In recent years, numerous studies have shown that anthocyanins display a wide range of biological activities. This review summarises recent literature evidence on the association of anthocyanins and anthocyanin-rich extracts consumption with the risk for gastrointestinal tract cancer, concentrating on the results from in vivo animal model tumor systems, as well as data from human epidemiological studies. Potential cancer chemopreventive activities of anthocyanins were revealed from in vitro studies. In vivo animal model tumor systems showed that dietary anthocyanins inhibit cancers of the gastrointestinal tract. Some epidemiological studies have revealed protective effects of anthocyanins consumption on gastrointestinal cancer risk in humans. Pharmacokinetic data indicate that absorption of anthocyanins into the bloodstream of rodents and humans is minimal, suggesting that they may have little efficacy in tissues other than the gastrointestinal tract and skin. Future studies should be undertaken to determine if the anticancer effects of anthocyanins are due to the parent compounds and/or to their metabolites.
花青素是植物界中最大的一类水溶性色素。花青素赋予了水果、蔬菜、花朵及其他植物组织或产品大部分的红色、蓝色和紫色。近年来，大量研究表明花青素具有广泛的生物活性。本综述总结了近期关于食用花青素及富含花青素的提取物与胃肠道癌症风险之间关联的文献证据，重点关注体内动物模型肿瘤系统的研究结果以及人类流行病学研究的数据。体外研究揭示了花青素潜在的癌症化学预防活性。体内动物模型肿瘤系统表明，膳食中的花青素可抑制胃肠道癌症。一些流行病学研究显示，食用花青素对人类胃肠道癌症风险具有保护作用。药代动力学数据表明，花青素在啮齿动物和人类血液中的吸收极少，这表明它们在胃肠道和皮肤以外的组织中可能几乎没有疗效。未来应开展研究以确定花青素的抗癌作用是归因于母体化合物还是其代谢产物。
