De Souza M J, Maguire M S, Rubin K R, Maresh C M
Department of Sport, Leisure and Exercise Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs 06268.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1990 Oct;22(5):575-80. doi: 10.1249/00005768-199010000-00006.
There are few well controlled studies in terms of subject selection, menstrual classification, and exercise protocol that have examined both maximal and submaximal exercise responses during different phases of the menstrual cycle in eumenorrheic runners and compared these runners to amenorrheic runners. Thus, the purpose of this study was to measure selected physiological and metabolic responses to maximal and submaximal exercise during two phases of the menstrual cycle in eumenorrheic runners and amenorrheic runners. Eight eumenorrheic runners (29.0 +/- 4.2 yr) and eight amenorrheic runners (24.5 +/- 5.7 yr) matched for physical, gynecological, and training characteristics were studied. The eumenorrheic runners performed one maximal and one submaximal (40 min at 80% VO2max) treadmill run during both the early follicular (days 2-4) and midluteal (6-8 d from LH surge) phases. The amenorrheic runners performed one maximal and one submaximal (40 min at 80% VO2max) treadmill run. Cycle phases were documented by urinary luteinizing hormone and progesterone assays and by plasma estradiol and progesterone assays. No differences were observed in oxygen uptake, minute ventilation, heart rate, respiratory exchange ratio, rating of perceived exertion, time to fatigue (maximal), and plasma lactate (following the maximal and submaximal exercise tests) between the follicular and luteal phases in the eumenorrheic runners and the amenorrheic runners. We conclude that neither menstrual phase (follicular vs luteal) nor menstrual status (eumenorrheic vs amenorrheic) alters or limits exercise performance in female athletes.
在受试者选择、月经分类和运动方案方面，很少有对照良好的研究，这些研究考察了月经正常的跑步者在月经周期不同阶段的最大运动和次最大运动反应，并将这些跑步者与闭经跑步者进行比较。因此，本研究的目的是测量月经正常的跑步者和闭经跑步者在月经周期两个阶段对最大运动和次最大运动的选定生理和代谢反应。研究了8名月经正常的跑步者（29.0±4.2岁）和8名闭经跑步者（24.5±5.7岁），他们在身体、妇科和训练特征方面相匹配。月经正常的跑步者在卵泡早期（第2 - 4天）和黄体中期（促黄体生成素激增后6 - 8天）各进行一次最大运动和一次次最大运动（以80%最大摄氧量进行40分钟）的跑步机跑步。闭经跑步者进行一次最大运动和一次次最大运动（以80%最大摄氧量进行40分钟）的跑步机跑步。通过尿促黄体生成素和孕酮检测以及血浆雌二醇和孕酮检测记录月经周期阶段。在月经正常的跑步者和闭经跑步者中，卵泡期和黄体期之间在摄氧量、分钟通气量、心率、呼吸交换率、主观用力感觉评分、疲劳时间（最大运动时）和血浆乳酸（最大运动和次最大运动测试后）方面均未观察到差异。我们得出结论，月经周期阶段（卵泡期与黄体期）和月经状态（月经正常与闭经）均不会改变或限制女性运动员的运动表现。
