顶叶结构与发育中的性别差异。
Sex differences in parietal lobe structure and development.
作者信息
Salinas Joel, Mills Elizabeth D, Conrad Amy L, Koscik Timothy, Andreasen Nancy C, Nopoulos Peg
机构信息
University of Iowa Doris Duke Clinical Research Fellowship Program, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA.
出版信息
Gend Med. 2012 Feb;9(1):44-55. doi: 10.1016/j.genm.2012.01.003.
Structural magnetic resonance imaging studies provide evidence for sex differences in the human brain. Differences in surface area and the proportion of gray to white matter volume are observed, in particular in the parietal lobe. To our knowledge, no studies have examined sex differences in parietal lobe structure in younger populations or in the context of development. The present study evaluated sex differences in the structure of the parietal lobe in children aged 7 to 17 years. In addition, by adding a cohort of previously studied adults aged 18 to 50 years, sex differences in parietal lobe structure were examined across the age span of 7 to 50 years. Compared with the adult sample, the younger sample showed that the ratio of parietal lobe cortex to white matter was greater in female brains, but no sex differences in surface area. When examining the effects of age, surface area exhibited a significant sex-age interaction. In male brains, there was essentially no decrease in surfaces area over time, whereas in female brains, there was a significant decrease in surface area over time. These findings support the notion of structural sex differences in the parietal lobe, not only in the context of cross-sectional assessment but also in terms of differences in developmental trajectories.
结构磁共振成像研究为人类大脑中的性别差异提供了证据。研究观察到大脑表面积以及灰质与白质体积比例存在差异，尤其是在顶叶。据我们所知，尚无研究考察较年轻人群或发育背景下顶叶结构的性别差异。本研究评估了7至17岁儿童顶叶结构的性别差异。此外，通过纳入一组先前研究过的18至50岁成年人，考察了7至50岁年龄跨度内顶叶结构的性别差异。与成年样本相比，较年轻样本显示女性大脑中顶叶皮质与白质的比例更大，但表面积不存在性别差异。在考察年龄影响时，表面积呈现出显著的性别 - 年龄交互作用。在男性大脑中，表面积基本不会随时间减少，而在女性大脑中，表面积会随时间显著减少。这些发现不仅支持了在横断面评估中顶叶存在结构性别差异的观点，也支持了发育轨迹存在差异的观点。
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