Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China.
Am J Hypertens. 2012 May;25(5):590-6. doi: 10.1038/ajh.2012.11. Epub 2012 Feb 16.
Hypertension is the most important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Little information exists on the status of hypertension among southern Chinese. We therefore investigated the hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, control, and associated factors in a southern Chinese population with 85 million residents.
Stratified multistage cluster sampling with probability proportional to size method was used in this survey. A representative sample of 13,889 residents aged 20 years or above with completed questionnaire and blood pressure (BP) measurement was obtained. BP was measured in accordance with the 1999 World Health Organization/International Society of Hypertension Guidelines. Information related to history of diagnosis and treatment of hypertension was collected through questionnaire.
The prevalence of hypertension in this population was 20.5% (16.5%, 24.4%), which translated to 9.8 million adults suffering from hypertension in Guangdong province. The urban population had higher prevalence of hypertension than the rural population (25.1 vs. 16.1%). The prevalence of awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in hypertensive patients living in urban regions were 42.8, 37.9, and 13.5%, respectively, which were higher than those in rural regions (the corresponding figures were 17.6, 10.4, and 3.4%, respectively). Nearly 50% urban adults and 80% rural adults did not measure their BP in the last 12 months. Frequency of BP measurement was associated with both awareness and treatment.
Hypertension was prevalent in southern China. The prevalence of awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension is low. Urgent strategies are needed to improve prevention, detection, and treatment of hypertension in this large Chinese population.
高血压是心血管疾病最重要的危险因素。关于中国南方人群高血压的状况信息较少。因此，我们调查了一个拥有 8500 万居民的中国南方人群的高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率、控制率及其相关因素。
本研究采用分层多阶段整群概率比例抽样方法。我们获得了一个具有代表性的、完成了问卷调查和血压测量的 20 岁及以上居民样本，共 13889 人。血压测量按照 1999 年世界卫生组织/国际高血压学会指南进行。通过问卷调查收集与高血压诊断和治疗史相关的信息。
该人群的高血压患病率为 20.5%（16.5%，24.4%），这意味着广东省有 980 万成年人患有高血压。城市居民的高血压患病率高于农村居民（25.1%比 16.1%）。居住在城市地区的高血压患者中，高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率分别为 42.8%、37.9%和 13.5%，高于农村地区（相应的比例分别为 17.6%、10.4%和 3.4%）。近 50%的城市成年人和 80%的农村成年人在过去 12 个月内没有测量过血压。血压测量的频率与知晓率和治疗率均相关。
高血压在中国南方地区较为普遍。高血压的知晓率、治疗率和控制率均较低。需要采取紧急策略来改善中国这一大人群的高血压预防、检测和治疗。
