Washington University in St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2012 May;38(5):607-18. doi: 10.1177/0146167211435796. Epub 2012 Feb 14.
Early investigations of guilt cast it as an emotion that prompts broad reparative behaviors that help guilty individuals feel better about themselves or about their transgressions. The current investigation found support for a more recent representation of guilt as an emotion designed to identify and correct specific social offenses. Across five experiments, guilt influenced behavior in a targeted and strategic way. Guilt prompted participants to share resources more generously with others, but only did so when those others were persons whom the participant had wronged and only when those wronged individuals could notice the gesture. Rather than trigger broad reparative behaviors that remediate one's general reputation or self-perception, guilt triggers targeted behaviors intended to remediate specific social transgressions.
早期对内疚的研究将其视为一种情绪，促使广泛的修复行为，帮助内疚的个体感觉更好或对自己的过错感觉更好。当前的研究发现，内疚作为一种情绪的代表，其目的是识别和纠正特定的社会冒犯行为，这种观点得到了更多的支持。在五个实验中，内疚以有针对性和策略性的方式影响行为。内疚促使参与者更慷慨地与他人分享资源，但只有在那些被参与者冤枉的人和那些被冤枉的人能够注意到这个举动时才会这样做。内疚不是引发广泛的修复行为来补救一个人的一般声誉或自我认知，而是引发旨在补救特定社会冒犯行为的有针对性的行为。
