Stallergenes SA, Département Scientifique, 6 rue Alexis de Tocqueville, 92160 Antony, France.
Immunotherapy. 2012 Feb;4(2):201-12. doi: 10.2217/imt.11.171.
Allergen immunotherapy is the only curative treatment of IgE-mediated type I respiratory allergies. Subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) is used as a reference therapy and has transformed allergic treatments; it improves symptoms (asthma and rhinitis) as well as the quality of life of patients. SCIT requires repetitive administration and carries the risk of severe systemic adverse effects, including anaphylaxis. Sublingual immunotherapy is now a valid noninvasive alternative to SCIT, as a safe and efficacious treatment for respiratory allergies. In this article, we compare various routes of allergen immunotherapy, including SCIT and sublingual immunotherapy, as well as more exploratory routes currently under investigation (i.e., intralymphatic, epicutaneous, intranasal and oral). We discuss their respective advantages, as well as their foreseen modes of action.
变应原免疫治疗是 IgE 介导的 I 型呼吸道过敏的唯一治愈性治疗方法。皮下免疫治疗 (SCIT) 被用作参考治疗方法，并改变了过敏治疗方法；它改善了症状（哮喘和鼻炎）和患者的生活质量。SCIT 需要重复给药，并伴有严重全身性不良反应的风险，包括过敏反应。舌下免疫治疗现在是 SCIT 的一种安全有效的替代方法，也是治疗呼吸道过敏的安全有效的方法。在本文中，我们比较了各种变应原免疫治疗途径，包括 SCIT 和舌下免疫治疗，以及目前正在研究的更具探索性的途径（即淋巴内、经皮、鼻内和口服）。我们讨论了它们各自的优点以及预期的作用模式。
