Department of Psychology, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, USA.
J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2012 Jul;53(7):775-81. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02519.x. Epub 2012 Feb 17.
Impaired profiles of neurocognitive function have been consistently demonstrated among pediatric patients with bipolar disorder (BD), and may aid in the identification of endophenotypes across subtypes of the disorder. This study aims to determine phenotypic cognitive profiles of patients with BD Type I and II.
Subjects (N = 79) consisted of BD I (n = 27) and BD II (n = 19) patients and demographic and intellectually matched healthy controls (HC; n = 33) that completed a battery of neurocognitive tasks.
Bipolar disorder Type I patients performed significantly more poorly compared to HC on all domains of cognitive function including attention, executive function, working memory, visual memory, and verbal learning and memory. BD I patients also performed more poorly compared to BD II patients on all domains of cognitive functioning with the exception of working memory, whereas BD II patients did poorly relative to HC only on verbal learning and memory.
Findings from the current study indicate that BD I patients are characterized by more severe cognitive impairment relative to BD II patients who show an intermediate pattern of performance between BD I patients and HC. Verbal learning and memory may effectively differentiate pediatric BD patients and controls, regardless of the subtype of BD, and may serve as a cognitive endophenotype for the disorder. Additionally, these findings move us closer to developing effective cognitive interventions tailored to specific subtypes of pediatric BD patients.
在患有双相情感障碍（BD）的儿科患者中，神经认知功能的受损模式得到了一致的证明，并且可能有助于识别该疾病的亚类内的表型内表型。本研究旨在确定 BD I 型和 II 型患者的表型认知特征。
受试者（N=79）包括 BD I（n=27）和 BD II（n=19）患者，以及人口统计学和智力匹配的健康对照组（HC；n=33），他们完成了一系列神经认知任务。
与 HC 相比，BD I 型患者在注意力、执行功能、工作记忆、视觉记忆和言语学习记忆等所有认知功能领域的表现均明显较差。BD I 型患者在所有认知功能领域的表现也明显差于 BD II 型患者，但工作记忆除外，而 BD II 型患者仅在言语学习和记忆方面的表现明显差于 HC。
当前研究的结果表明，BD I 型患者的认知障碍比 BD II 型患者更为严重，BD II 型患者的表现介于 BD I 型患者和 HC 之间。言语学习和记忆可能能够有效地区分儿科 BD 患者和对照者，无论 BD 的亚型如何，并且可能是该疾病的认知内表型。此外，这些发现使我们更接近于为儿科 BD 患者的特定亚型开发针对特定亚型的有效认知干预措施。
