New York University College of Nursing, New York, NY, USA.
J Nurs Scholarsh. 2012 Mar;44(1):27-35. doi: 10.1111/j.1547-5069.2011.01431.x. Epub 2012 Feb 16.
The purpose of this study was to identify the ways in which urban Jamaican mothers influence their adolescent daughters' sexual beliefs and behaviors in order to incorporate them into the design of a family-based human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk reduction intervention program.
Focus groups were conducted with 46 14- to 18-year-old adolescent girls and 30 mothers or female guardians of adolescent girls recruited from community-based organizations in and around Kingston and St. Andrew, Jamaica. Separate focus groups were held with mothers and daughters; each included 6 to 10 participants. Focus group sessions were scripted, led by teams that included trained Jamaican and American facilitators and note-takers, and audio-taped to ensure data accuracy. Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis.
Four major maternal influences were identified: mother-daughter relationship quality, mother-daughter sexual communication, monitoring or supervision, and maternal sexual role modeling. Mothers' and daughters' reports were consistent; both groups identified positive and negative influences within each category.
Some maternal influences were positive and health promoting; others were negative and promoted unsafe sexual activity and risk for HIV and other sexually transmitted infections. These influences were incorporated into the design of a culture-specific family-based HIV risk reduction intervention tailored to the needs of urban Jamaican adolescent girls and their mothers.
In order to be effective, family-based HIV risk reduction interventions should be theory based and tailored to the target audience. The four maternal influences identified in this formative study were incorporated into the subsequent intervention design.
本研究旨在确定牙买加城市母亲影响其青春期女儿性信仰和行为的方式,以便将其纳入基于家庭的人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)风险降低干预计划的设计中。
在金斯敦和圣安德鲁市及其周边地区的社区组织中招募了 46 名 14 至 18 岁的青春期女孩和 30 名母亲或少女的女性监护人,对她们进行了焦点小组访谈。分别与母亲和女儿举行了焦点小组会议;每个小组包括 6 至 10 名参与者。焦点小组会议是按照脚本进行的,由包括受过培训的牙买加和美国主持人和记录员在内的团队领导,并进行录音,以确保数据的准确性。使用定性内容分析对数据进行分析。
确定了四个主要的母亲影响因素:母女关系质量、母女间的性沟通、监督或监管以及母亲的性榜样作用。母亲和女儿的报告是一致的;两个群体都在每个类别中识别出了积极和消极的影响。
一些母亲的影响是积极的和促进健康的;而另一些则是消极的,促进了不安全的性行为以及 HIV 和其他性传播感染的风险。这些影响被纳入了针对牙买加城市青春期少女及其母亲需求的特定文化的基于家庭的 HIV 风险降低干预计划的设计中。
为了有效,基于家庭的 HIV 风险降低干预措施应该基于理论并针对目标受众进行调整。本研究在形成性研究中确定的四个母亲影响因素被纳入了随后的干预设计中。