University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Psychiatry, Division of Neuroscience, Rudolf Magnus Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Biol Psychiatry. 2012 May 15;71(10):915-21. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.01.010. Epub 2012 Feb 16.
Structural brain abnormalities are consistently found in schizophrenia (Sz) and have been associated with the familial risk for the disorder. We aim to define the relative contributions of genetic and nongenetic factors to the association between structural brain abnormalities and Sz in a uniquely powered cohort (Schizophrenia Twins and Relatives consortium).
An international multicenter magnetic resonance imaging collaboration was set up to pool magnetic resonance imaging scans from twin pairs in Utrecht (The Netherlands), Helsinki (Finland), London (United Kingdom), and Jena (Germany). A sample of 684 subjects took part, consisting of monozygotic twins (n = 410, with 51 patients from concordant and 52 from discordant pairs) and dizygotic twins (n = 274, with 39 patients from discordant pairs). The additive genetic, common, and unique environmental contributions to the association between brain volumes and risk for Sz were estimated by structural equation modeling.
The heritabilities of most brain volumes were significant and ranged between 52% (temporal cortical gray matter) and 76% (cerebrum). Heritability of cerebral gray matter did not reach significance (34%). Significant phenotypic correlations were found between Sz and reduced volumes of the cerebrum (-.22 [-.30/-.14]) and white matter (-.17 [-.25/-.09]) and increased volume of the third ventricle (.18 [.08/.28]). These were predominantly due to overlapping genetic effects (77%, 94%, and 83%, respectively).
Some of the genes that transmit the risk for Sz also influence cerebral (white matter) volume.
精神分裂症（Sz）患者的大脑结构存在异常，且与该疾病的家族易感性有关。我们旨在通过一个具有独特影响力的队列（Sz 双胞胎和亲属联合会），确定大脑结构异常与 Sz 之间的关联中遗传和非遗传因素的相对贡献。
成立了一个国际性的多中心磁共振成像合作机构，以汇集乌得勒支（荷兰）、赫尔辛基（芬兰）、伦敦（英国）和耶拿（德国）的双胞胎磁共振成像扫描数据。共有 684 名受试者参与了研究，其中包括同卵双胞胎（n = 410，来自 51 对同卵双胞胎中 51 名患者和 52 对非同卵双胞胎中 51 名患者）和异卵双胞胎（n = 274，来自 39 对异卵双胞胎中 39 名患者）。通过结构方程模型估计大脑体积与 Sz 风险之间的关联的加性遗传、共同和独特环境贡献。
大多数脑体积的遗传率是显著的，范围在 52%（颞叶皮质灰质）至 76%（大脑）之间。大脑灰质的遗传率没有达到显著水平（34%）。Sz 与大脑灰质体积减少（-.22 [-.30/-.14]）和白质体积减少（-.17 [-.25/-.09]）以及第三脑室体积增加（.18 [.08/.28]）之间存在显著的表型相关性。这些主要归因于重叠的遗传效应（分别为 77%、94%和 83%）。
一些传递 Sz 风险的基因也会影响大脑（白质）体积。
