Petrescu Cristian, Petrescu Diana M, Marian Gabriela, Focseneanu Brindusa E, Iliuta Floris Petru, Ciobanu Constantin Alexandru, Papacocea Serban, Ciobanu Adela M
Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania.
Department of Psychiatry, Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry, 041914 Bucharest, Romania.
Healthcare (Basel). 2023 May 18;11(10):1471. doi: 10.3390/healthcare11101471.
(1) Background: Neurological Soft Signs (NSS) are subtle neurological abnormalities that are more common in schizophrenia patients than in healthy individuals and have been regularly observed in neuroleptic-naive first-episode patients, supporting the hypothesis that they are an intrinsic component of schizophrenia. (2) Methods: a review of articles published in the last ten years (from January 2013 to January 2023) was carried out on articles published in ScienceDirect and PubMed, by following the PRISMA Statement extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR), which evaluated the impact of NSS in correlation with the symptomatology, neuroleptic treatment, and the cerebral structural changes of patients with schizophrenia. (3) Results: thirty articles were included, among them twelve included MRI structural evaluation and four studies with a longitudinal design. (4) Conclusions: interest in researching NSS has increased in recent years, but questions remain about their origin and relationship to schizophrenia symptoms, thus this study aims to fill in information gaps in the hope that future research will help provide individualized treatment. It is suggested that NSS in schizophrenia might have an inherited genetic relationship pattern, thus being in line with a trait viewpoint. Most of the research revealed that schizophrenia patients had higher NSS scores than healthy controls, however, they were rather similar to their first-degree relatives, thus, also arguing in favor of a trait perspective. The greatest improvement in scores is seen in those with a remitting course, as shown by declining NSS ratings concurrent with symptomatology.
(1) 背景：神经软体征（NSS）是细微的神经学异常，在精神分裂症患者中比在健康个体中更常见，并且在未使用抗精神病药物的首发患者中经常观察到，这支持了它们是精神分裂症内在组成部分的假说。(2) 方法：按照系统评价的PRISMA声明扩展版（PRISMA-ScR），对过去十年（2013年1月至2023年1月）发表于ScienceDirect和PubMed上的文章进行综述，评估NSS与精神分裂症患者的症状学、抗精神病药物治疗及脑结构变化之间的相关性影响。(3) 结果：纳入30篇文章，其中12篇包括MRI结构评估，4项研究采用纵向设计。(4) 结论：近年来对NSS的研究兴趣有所增加，但关于其起源以及与精神分裂症症状的关系仍存在问题，因此本研究旨在填补信息空白，希望未来的研究有助于提供个体化治疗。提示精神分裂症中的NSS可能具有遗传关系模式，因此符合特质观点。大多数研究表明，精神分裂症患者的NSS评分高于健康对照，但与他们的一级亲属相当，因此也支持特质观点。如NSS评分随症状学下降所示，缓解病程患者的评分改善最大。
