Philippine Nuclear Research Institute, Department of Science and Technology, Commonwealth Avenue, Diliman, Quezon City, Metro Manila, Philippines.
J Environ Radioact. 2012 Aug;110:30-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2012.01.022. Epub 2012 Feb 15.
The surface water and groundwater sources in the vicinity of a major municipal landfill in Metro Manila, Philippines were investigated to determine contamination by landfill leachate. Tritium, stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen, and major ions in the leachate and freshwater within the landfill environment were determined. The leachate contained elevated tritium activities and high concentrations of sodium, chloride, potassium, and calcium. The concentrations of tritium and the leachate related ions in the affected surface water were significantly higher than the non-impacted water and correlated strongly with distance from the leachate source, following a negative exponential relationship, providing evidence of leachate transport along the affected surface water. Enrichment in deuterium was exhibited by leachate in the holding pond but not by the effluent leachate. The stable isotope signature of leachate is masked in the surface water due to dilution by stream water. Dilution similarly masked the effect of leachate in the shallow groundwater which was strongly influenced by precipitation. Evidence of leachate contamination in the deep groundwater was sporadic. In isolated cases, elevated tritium concentrations coincided with enrichment in deuterium. In the same case, leachate related ions, Na, Ca, Mg, and Cl, varied with rainfall but generally increased from 2003 to 2009. The effect on the groundwater of methane produced within the landfill was seen in the depletion in deuterium in groundwater in the drier months.
研究了菲律宾马尼拉大都会一个主要垃圾填埋场附近的地表水和地下水水源，以确定垃圾渗滤液对其的污染情况。测定了渗滤液和垃圾填埋场内淡水的氚、氢和氧的稳定同位素以及主要离子。渗滤液中氚的活度较高，且含有高浓度的钠、氯、钾和钙。受影响地表水的氚浓度和与渗滤液有关的离子浓度明显高于未受影响的水，与距离渗滤液源的距离呈负指数关系，这表明渗滤液沿受影响地表水的迁移。储水池中的渗滤液表现出氘的富集，但流出渗滤液中没有。由于地表水的稀释，渗滤液的稳定同位素特征在地表水中被掩盖。同样，由于降水的强烈影响，浅层地下水也被稀释，掩盖了渗滤液的作用。深地下水受到渗滤液污染的证据是零星的。在一些孤立的情况下，氚浓度的升高与氘的富集同时出现。在同一情况下，与渗滤液有关的离子，如 Na、Ca、Mg 和 Cl，随降雨量而变化，但一般从 2003 年到 2009 年增加。在垃圾填埋场内产生的甲烷对地下水的影响体现在干燥月份地下水中氘的消耗上。
