Department of Health Behavior, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
Tob Control. 2012 Mar;21(2):154-61. doi: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2011-050389.
Smoke-free policies have been an important tobacco control intervention. As recently as 20 years ago, few communities required workplaces and hospitality venues to be smoke-free, but today approximately 11% of the world's population live in countries with laws that require these places to be smoke-free. This paper briefly summarises important milestones in the history of indoor smoke-free policies, the role of scientific research in facilitating their adoption, a framework for smoke-free policy evaluation and industry efforts to undermine regulations. At present, smoke-free policies centre on workplaces, restaurants and pubs. In addition, many jurisdictions are now beginning to implement policies in outdoor areas and in shared multiunit housing settings. The future of smoke-free policy development depends on credible scientific data that documents the health risks of secondhand smoke exposure. Over the next 20 years smoke-free policies will very likely extend to outdoor and private areas, and changes in the types of tobacco products that are consumed may also have implications for the nature and scope of the smoke-free policies of the future.
无烟政策一直是一项重要的控烟干预措施。就在 20 年前，很少有社区要求工作场所和酒店场所禁烟，但如今，全球约有 11%的人口生活在有法律要求这些场所禁烟的国家。本文简要总结了室内无烟政策的重要里程碑、科学研究在促进其采用方面的作用、无烟政策评估框架以及烟草业破坏法规的努力。目前，无烟政策主要集中在工作场所、餐馆和酒吧。此外，许多司法管辖区现在开始在户外和多户共用住房等共享区域实施政策。无烟政策的未来发展取决于可靠的科学数据，这些数据记录了二手烟暴露对健康的风险。在未来 20 年，无烟政策很可能扩展到户外和私人区域，消费烟草产品类型的变化也可能对未来无烟政策的性质和范围产生影响。
