Zinc nutrition in fetal alcohol syndrome.

Because alcohol has an adverse effect on zinc homeostasis, this study was designed to study if zinc content of the diet modifies the severity of fetal alcohol syndrome in a mouse model. The effect of varying zinc intake on the progeny of pregnant mice fed a liquid diet containing 15% of the calories as ethanol was studied. Prenatal mortality was higher when the mothers consumed alcohol with inadequate zinc intake. Because of the adverse effect of alcohol on zinc homeostasis and because zinc deficiency has been shown to potentiate alcohol embryopathy, one group was given zinc supplementation to four times the Recommended Dietary Allowance. Supplemental zinc above the Recommended Dietary Allowance was not protective and appeared to have an adverse effect on fetal weight and prenatal mortality. These results suggest that zinc intake should be optimized during pregnancy but that zinc supplementation above the Recommended Dietary Allowance does not reduce the incidence or severity of fetal alcohol syndrome.