Abbasi S, Imtiaz A, Usman J, Kaleem F, Hassan A
Iran J Microbiol. 2011 Jun;3(2):80-3.
Typhoid is a major health problem faced by the developing countries like Pakistan. More than 20 million cases are reported annually worldwide. Currently fluoroquinolones are the drugs of choice to treat typhoid fever. In vivo resistance to fluoroquinolones leading to therapeutic failure is developing rapidly and is becoming a major concern for the clinicians. The objective of this study was to determine the sensitivity pattern of Nalidixic acid over the last four years
A descriptive cross sectional study was carried out at the Microbiology Department of the Army Medical College, National University of Sciences and Technology, Rawalpindi from January 2006 to December 2009. All the isolates were dealt with standard microbiological procedures. The antimicrobial sensitivity of Nalidixic acid and Ciprofloxacin was determined using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method as per the guidelines of Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI).
Out of 240 isolates, 111 were Salmonella typhi and 129 were Salmonella paratyphi A. The resistance of the typhoidal Salmonella to Nalidixic acid has reached significant levels and it seems only a matter of time when hundred percent resistance will be encountered. All isolates were sensitive to Ciprofloxacin on disc diffusion method.
Resistance to Nalidixic acid predicting therapeutic failure with fluoroquinolones is on a steady rise.
伤寒是巴基斯坦等发展中国家面临的一个主要健康问题。全球每年报告的病例超过2000万例。目前，氟喹诺酮类药物是治疗伤寒热的首选药物。氟喹诺酮类药物的体内耐药性导致治疗失败的情况正在迅速发展，这已成为临床医生的主要担忧。本研究的目的是确定过去四年中萘啶酸的敏感性模式。
2006年1月至2009年12月，在拉瓦尔品第国立科技大学陆军医学院微生物学系开展了一项描述性横断面研究。所有分离株均按照标准微生物学程序处理。根据临床和实验室标准协会（CLSI）的指南，采用 Kirby-Bauer 纸片扩散法测定萘啶酸和环丙沙星的抗菌敏感性。
在240株分离株中，111株为伤寒沙门氏菌，129株为甲型副伤寒沙门氏菌。伤寒沙门氏菌对萘啶酸的耐药性已达到显著水平，百分之百耐药的出现似乎只是时间问题。在纸片扩散法中，所有分离株对环丙沙星均敏感。
萘啶酸耐药预示氟喹诺酮类药物治疗失败的情况正在稳步上升。
