无医师性别开具病假证明差异：一项斯卡夫司达初级保健数据库的回顾性研究。
No physician gender difference in prescription of sick-leave certification: a retrospective study of the Skaraborg Primary Care Database.
机构信息
Tidan Health Care Centre, Tidan, Sweden.
出版信息
Scand J Prim Health Care. 2012 Mar;30(1):48-54. doi: 10.3109/02813432.2012.651569.
OBJECTIVE
The primary objective was to investigate how physicians' gender and level of experience affects the rate and length of sick-leave certificate prescription. The secondary objective was to study the physicians' gender and professional experience in relation to the diagnoses on the certificates.
DESIGN
Retrospective, cross-sectional study of computerized medical records from 24 health care centres in 2005.
SETTING
Primary care in Sweden.
SUBJECTS
Primary care physicians (n = 589) and patients (n = 88 780) aged 18-64 years.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Rate and duration of sick leave certified by different categories of physicians and for different diagnoses and gender of patients.
RESULTS
Sick leave was certified in 9.0% (musculoskeletal (3%) and psychiatric (2.3%) diagnoses were most common) of all contacts and the mean duration was 32.2 days. Overall there was no difference between male and female physicians in the sick-leave certification prescription rate (9.1% vs. 9.0%) or duration of sick leave (32.1 vs. 32.6 days). The duration of sick leave was associated with the physician's level of professional experience in general practice (GPs (Distriktläkare) 37, GP trainees (ST-läkare) 26, interns (AT-läkare) 20 and locum (vikarier) 19 days, p < 0.001).
CONCLUSION
Contrary to earlier studies we found no difference in sick-leave certification prescription rate and length between male and female physicians.
目的
主要目的是调查医生的性别和经验水平如何影响病假证明的开具率和时长。次要目的是研究医生的性别和专业经验与证明上的诊断之间的关系。
设计
对 2005 年来自 24 个医疗中心的计算机化医疗记录进行回顾性、横断面研究。
地点
瑞典初级保健。
对象
初级保健医生（n=589）和年龄在 18-64 岁之间的患者（n=88780）。
主要观察指标
不同类别医生开具的病假证明的比例和时长，以及不同诊断和患者性别的病假时长。
结果
所有接触中，有 9.0%（肌肉骨骼（3%）和精神科（2.3%）诊断最常见）开具了病假证明，平均时长为 32.2 天。总体而言，男性和女性医生在病假证明开具率（9.1%对 9.0%）或病假时长（32.1 对 32.6 天）方面没有差异。病假时长与医生在全科医学方面的专业经验水平相关（全科医生（Distriktläkare）37 天，全科医生培训生（ST-läkare）26 天，实习医生（AT-läkare）20 天，轮班医生（vikarier）19 天，p<0.001）。
结论
与早期研究相反，我们没有发现男女医生在病假证明开具率和时长方面存在差异。
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