School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
J Adv Nurs. 2012 Jul;68(7):1546-55. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2012.05955.x. Epub 2012 Feb 20.
This article is a report of a mixed method study of the association between personality traits of nurses and their reasons for entering nursing. Background. The worldwide nursing shortage prompts research into better understanding of why individuals enter nursing and may assist in exploring ways to increase their recruitment and long term retention.
A mixed method sequential explanatory design employed semi-structured interviews and a validated personality inventory measuring temperament and character traits.
Registered Nurses (n = 12) and nursing students (n = 11) working and studying in a regional area of Queensland Australia were purposively sampled for the interviews in 2010 from their participation in the survey in 2009 investigating their personality traits. Qualitative data collection stopped at saturation. A thematic content analysis of the qualitative data using the framework approach was interpreted alongside their personality trait profiles.
Two dominant themes were identified from the participant interviews about reasons for entering nursing; 'opportunity for caring' and 'my vocation in life'. These themes were congruent with key temperament and character traits measured in the participants. All nurses and students were very high in traits that exude empathy and altruistic ideals regardless of other characteristics which included highly pragmatic and self-serving principles.
Qualitative and quantitative findings suggest that a caring nature is a principal quality of the nursing personality. Recruitment and retention strategies whilst promoting multiple benefits for the profession should not forget that the prime impetus for entering nursing is the opportunity to care for others.
本文是对护士人格特质与其从事护理工作原因之间关联的混合方法研究报告。背景：全球范围内的护士短缺促使人们对人们从事护理工作的原因进行深入研究，这可能有助于探索增加护士招聘和长期留用的方法。设计：采用混合方法顺序解释设计，使用半结构化访谈和经过验证的人格量表测量气质和性格特征。方法：2010 年，从 2009 年参与调查其人格特质的澳大利亚昆士兰州一个地区的注册护士（n=12）和护理学生（n=11）中，有目的抽取了这些护士和学生进行访谈。定性数据的收集在达到饱和时停止。使用框架方法对定性数据进行主题内容分析，并结合他们的人格特质档案进行解释。结果：从参与者的访谈中确定了两个关于从事护理工作原因的主要主题：“关怀机会”和“我生命中的职业”。这些主题与参与者所测量的关键气质和性格特征相一致。所有护士和学生都非常高的体现出同理心和利他主义理想的特质，而不管其他特征如何，包括高度务实和自我服务的原则。结论：定性和定量研究结果表明，关怀他人的天性是护理人格的主要特征之一。在推动职业发展的同时，招聘和保留策略不应忘记，从事护理工作的主要动力是有机会照顾他人。
