Namdar R, Valdez C
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Colorado School of Pharmacy, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA.
Drugs Today (Barc). 2011 Dec;47(12):883-90. doi: 10.1358/dot.2011.47.12.1709243.
Alcaftadine (Lastacaft®; Allergen, Inc.) is a broad-spectrum antihistamine displaying a high affinity for histamine H1 and H2 receptors and a lower affinity for H4 receptors. It also exhibits modulatory action on immune cell recruitment and mast cell stabilizing effects. The authors reviewed all available English-language literature characterizing the efficacy, safety and pharmacokinetic profile of alcaftadine ophthalmic solution. In the studies reviewed, alcaftadine was more effective than placebo and at least as effective as olopatadine 0.01% in preventing ocular itching at 15 minutes and at 16 hours after administration. Alcaftadine 0.025% ophthalmic solution has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for prevention of itching associated with allergic conjunctivitis in patients over 2 years of age. Comparative efficacy data of alcaftadine to other ocular antihistamine/mast cell stabilizers are limited.
阿伐斯汀（Lastacaft®；Allergen公司）是一种广谱抗组胺药，对组胺H1和H2受体具有高亲和力，对H4受体亲和力较低。它还对免疫细胞募集具有调节作用，并具有肥大细胞稳定作用。作者回顾了所有可用的英文文献，这些文献描述了阿伐斯汀滴眼液的疗效、安全性和药代动力学特征。在所回顾的研究中，阿伐斯汀在给药后15分钟和16小时预防眼部瘙痒方面比安慰剂更有效，且至少与0.01%的奥洛他定一样有效。0.025%的阿伐斯汀滴眼液已获美国食品药品监督管理局批准，用于预防2岁以上患者与过敏性结膜炎相关的瘙痒。阿伐斯汀与其他眼部抗组胺药/肥大细胞稳定剂的比较疗效数据有限。
