Rosenberg M, Frey N
Innere Medizin III, Schwerpunkt Kardiologie und Angiologie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Schittenhelmstr.12, 24105, Kiel, Deutschland.
Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed. 2012 Mar;107(2):101-9. doi: 10.1007/s00063-011-0039-0. Epub 2012 Feb 10.
The number of patients who develop cardiac problems during pregnancy are increasing and represent to date the major cause of maternal death in western countries. Pregnancy induces several changes which together increase the hemodynamic burden on the cardiovascular system and can also cause a prothrombotic state. Hence, latent or apparent cardiac disease can acutely decompensate during pregnancy. From a cardiovascular perspective, pregnancies are most often complicated by acute coronary syndromes, peripartum cardiomyopathy, arrhythmias, or pulmonary embolism. Due to potential fetal harm conventional diagnostic and therapeutic approaches are limited by the restricted use of radiogenic cardiac imaging and applicable medications. Therefore, knowledge about available therapeutic options is of greatest importance, since guideline recommendations have clearly been demonstrated to reduce morbidity and mortality in acute cardiac emergencies during pregnancy.
孕期出现心脏问题的患者数量正在增加，并且是迄今为止西方国家孕产妇死亡的主要原因。妊娠会引发多种变化，这些变化共同增加了心血管系统的血流动力学负担，还可能导致血栓形成倾向。因此，潜在的或明显的心脏病在孕期可能会急性失代偿。从心血管角度来看，妊娠最常并发急性冠状动脉综合征、围产期心肌病、心律失常或肺栓塞。由于对胎儿有潜在危害，传统的诊断和治疗方法受到放射性心脏成像的有限使用和适用药物的限制。因此，了解可用的治疗选择至关重要，因为指南建议已明确证明可降低孕期急性心脏急症的发病率和死亡率。
