Mølbak K, Højlyng N, Ingholt L, Da Silva A P, Jepsen S, Aaby P
Division of Biotechnology, Statens Seruminstitut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1990 Aug;9(8):566-70. doi: 10.1097/00006454-199008000-00008.
In the first year of a prospective community study of childhood diarrhea conducted in a semiurban area in the capital of Guinea Bissau, Cryptosporidium sp. was found in 73 (6.0%) of 1216 episodes of diarrhea. The parasite was the second most prevalent intestinal parasite, and the only one significantly associated with diarrhea (OR = 2.79, P = 0.0006). The seasonal distribution was striking, with a peak prevalence in the beginning of the rainy season (May 17.6%) when an epidemic outbreak of diarrhea started. The prevalence was highest in children younger than 18 months, an age at which prevalences of other intestinal parasites were low. This reverse age pattern may possibly be explained by the small infective dose needed to create severe infections, by air-borne transmission and by the development of protective immunity.
在几内亚比绍首都一个半城市地区进行的一项关于儿童腹泻的前瞻性社区研究的第一年，在1216例腹泻病例中有73例（6.0%）发现了隐孢子虫属。该寄生虫是第二常见的肠道寄生虫，也是唯一与腹泻显著相关的寄生虫（比值比=2.79，P=0.0006）。其季节性分布显著，在雨季开始时患病率达到峰值（5月为17.6%），此时腹泻开始流行爆发。18个月以下儿童的患病率最高，而在这个年龄段其他肠道寄生虫的患病率较低。这种相反的年龄模式可能是由于造成严重感染所需的感染剂量小、空气传播以及保护性免疫的发展所致。
