Cancer Prevention Research Center, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, USA.
Popul Health Manag. 2012 Oct;15(5):276-86. doi: 10.1089/pop.2011.0060. Epub 2012 Feb 21.
Tailored behavior change programs have proven effective at decreasing health risk factors, but the impact of such programs on participant well-being has not been tested. This randomized trial evaluated the impact of tailored telephone coaching and Internet interventions on health risk behaviors and individual well-being. Exercise and stress management were the primary health risks of interest; improvements in other health risk behaviors were secondary outcomes. A sample of 3391 individuals who reported health risk in the areas of exercise and stress management were randomly assigned to 3 groups: telephonic coaching that applied Transtheoretical Model (TTM) tailoring for exercise and minimal tailoring (stage of change) for stress management; an Internet program that applied TTM tailoring for stress management and minimal tailoring for exercise; or a control group that received an assessment only. Participants were administered the Well-Being Assessment and, at baseline, had relatively low well-being scores (mean, 60.9 out of 100 across all groups). At 6 months, a significantly higher percentage of both treatment groups progressed to the Action stage for exercise, stress management, healthy diet, and total number of health risks, compared to the control group. Both treatment groups also demonstrated significantly greater improvements on overall well-being and the domains of emotional health, physical health, life evaluation, and healthy behaviors. There were no differences between the groups for 2 well-being domains: basic access to needs and work environment. These results indicate that scalable, tailored behavior change programs can effectively reduce health risk and accrue to improved well-being for participants.
定制化的行为改变计划已被证明能有效降低健康风险因素，但这些计划对参与者幸福感的影响尚未得到验证。本随机试验评估了定制化电话辅导和互联网干预对健康风险行为和个体幸福感的影响。运动和压力管理是主要关注的健康风险；其他健康风险行为的改善是次要结果。一个报告在运动和压力管理方面存在健康风险的 3391 名个体的样本被随机分配到 3 个组：针对运动应用跨理论模型（TTM）定制化和针对压力管理进行最小程度定制化（阶段变化）的电话辅导；针对压力管理应用 TTM 定制化和针对运动进行最小程度定制化的互联网计划；或仅接受评估的对照组。参与者接受了幸福感评估，在基线时，所有组的幸福感评分都相对较低（平均为 100 分中的 60.9 分）。在 6 个月时，与对照组相比，两个治疗组在运动、压力管理、健康饮食和总体健康风险方面达到行动阶段的比例显著更高。两个治疗组在总体幸福感以及情感健康、身体健康、生活评价和健康行为等领域也表现出显著更大的改善。在两个幸福感领域：基本需求和工作环境，两组之间没有差异。这些结果表明，可扩展的、定制化的行为改变计划可以有效地降低健康风险，并为参与者带来更好的幸福感。
