Eland J M
University of Iowa College of Nursing, Iowa City.
Nurs Clin North Am. 1990 Dec;25(4):871-84.
The assessment and management of children's pain is a topic that has received a great deal of attention since the late 1970s. Nurse researchers have played a dominant role in all areas of pediatric pain relief and likely will continue to do so. There are currently a number of pediatric pain assessment instruments developed that are used in selected practice settings, but their use should be extended to document the existence of pediatric pain and its relief. Pharmacologic interventions for pediatric pain relief have been hampered by incorrect beliefs about analgesic risks, prescribing and administrating habits, and a virtual explosion of information in the area of analgesics. Although nurses have traditionally used nonpharmacologic interventions for pain relief, these methods have not been well researched. Continued research efforts in this important area will result in improved diagnosis and management of pediatric pain.
自20世纪70年代末以来，儿童疼痛的评估与管理一直是备受关注的话题。护士研究人员在儿科疼痛缓解的各个领域发挥了主导作用，并且很可能会继续如此。目前已开发出多种儿科疼痛评估工具，这些工具在特定的实践环境中使用，但应扩大其使用范围，以记录儿科疼痛的存在及其缓解情况。儿科疼痛缓解的药物干预受到对镇痛风险的错误认知、处方和给药习惯以及镇痛药领域信息激增的阻碍。尽管护士传统上使用非药物干预措施来缓解疼痛，但这些方法尚未得到充分研究。在这一重要领域持续开展研究工作将改善儿科疼痛的诊断和管理。
